手把手教你学simulink（30.3）--电力电子场景示例：基于Simulink的电动汽车充电站能量管理系统

 % 添加快充桩模块

    
 add_block('simscape/electrical/Specialized Power Systems/Power Electronics/Fast Charger', 'Fast_Charger');
    
  
    
 % 设置快充桩参数
    
 set_param('Fast_Charger', 'NominalVoltage', '400'); % 额定电压为400 V
    
 set_param('Fast_Charger', 'NominalCurrent', '100'); % 额定电流为100 A
    
  
    
 % 添加慢充桩模块
    
 add_block('simscape/electrical/Specialized Power Systems/Power Electronics/Slow Charger', 'Slow_Charger');
    
  
    
 % 设置慢充桩参数
    
 set_param('Slow_Charger', 'NominalVoltage', '230'); % 额定电压为230 V
    
 set_param('Slow_Charger', 'NominalCurrent', '16'); % 额定电流为16 A
    
  
    
 % 添加电动汽车电池模块
    
 add_block('battery/Lithium-Ion Battery', 'EV_Battery');
    
  
    
 % 设置电动汽车电池参数
    
 set_param('EV_Battery', 'NominalCapacity', '75'); % 额定容量为75 kWh
    
 set_param('EV_Battery', 'NominalVoltage', '400'); % 额定电压为400 V
    
 set_param('EV_Battery', 'InitialSOC', '0.2'); % 初始荷电状态为20%
    
  
    
 % 连接充电桩到电动汽车电池
    
 connect_blocks('Fast_Charger', 'EV_Battery');
    
 connect_blocks('Slow_Charger', 'EV_Battery');
    
    
    
    

 % 添加示波器模块

    
 add_block('simulink/Sinks/Scope', 'Charging_Monitor');
    
  
    
 % 连接示波器到电动汽车电池
    
 connect_blocks('EV_Battery', 'Charging_Monitor');
    
    
    
    

 % 添加电池模块

    
 add_block('battery/Lithium-Ion Battery', 'Station_Battery');
    
  
    
 % 设置电池参数
    
 set_param('Station_Battery', 'NominalCapacity', '500'); % 额定容量为500 kWh
    
 set_param('Station_Battery', 'NominalVoltage', '400'); % 额定电压为400 V
    
 set_param('Station_Battery', 'InitialSOC', '0.5'); % 初始荷电状态为50%
    
  
    
 % 添加双向DC-DC变换器模块
    
 add_block('simscape/electrical/Specialized Power Systems/Power Electronics/Bidirectional DC-DC Converter', 'DC_DC_Converter');
    
  
    
 % 设置双向DC-DC变换器参数
    
 set_param('DC_DC_Converter', 'SwitchingFrequency', '100e3'); % 开关频率为100 kHz
    
 set_param('DC_DC_Converter', 'InputVoltage', '400'); % 输入电压为400 V
    
 set_param('DC_DC_Converter', 'OutputVoltage', '400'); % 输出电压为400 V
    
  
    
 % 连接电池和双向DC-DC变换器
    
 connect_blocks('Station_Battery', 'DC_DC_Converter');
    
    
    
    

 function [charge_power, discharge_power] = batteryControl(charging_load, grid_power, battery_soc)

    
     % 初始化充放电功率
    
     charge_power = 0;
    
     discharge_power = 0;
    
  
    
     % 规则1：当电网电价较低时，优先给电池充电
    
     if grid_power < 0.1 && battery_soc < 0.9
    
     charge_power = min(grid_power, 500 * (0.9 - battery_soc)); % 最大充电速率为500 kW
    
     end
    
  
    
     % 规则2：当充电负载较大时，优先从电池放电
    
     if charging_load > 0.8 * grid_power && battery_soc > 0.2
    
     discharge_power = min(charging_load - 0.8 * grid_power, 500 * (battery_soc - 0.2)); % 最大放电速率为500 kW
    
     end
    
 end
    
    
    
    

 % 添加状态机模块

    
 add_block('stateflow/Chart', 'Load_Management_Logic');
    
  
    
 % 设置状态机逻辑
    
 set_param('Load_Management_Logic', 'States', {'Normal', 'Critical'});
    
 set_param('Load_Management_Logic', 'Transitions', {
    
     'Normal -> Critical: power_shortage',
    
     'Critical -> Normal: power_restored'
    
 });
    
  
    
 % 定义负荷优先级
    
 set_param('Load_Management_Logic', 'Priority', {
    
     'Critical_Load', 'High'; % 关键负荷优先级高
    
     'Non_Critical_Load', 'Low' % 非关键负荷优先级低
    
 });
    
  
    
 % 连接负荷管理逻辑到系统
    
 connect_blocks('Load_Management_Logic', 'System_Model');
    
    
    
    

 function [adjusted_load_power] = dynamicLoadAdjustment(total_power, critical_load_power, non_critical_load_power)

    
     % 计算可用功率
    
     available_power = total_power - critical_load_power;
    
  
    
     % 如果可用功率不足，则减少非关键负荷的功率
    
     if available_power < 0
    
     adjusted_non_critical_load_power = max(0, non_critical_load_power + available_power);
    
     else
    
     adjusted_non_critical_load_power = non_critical_load_power;
    
     end
    
  
    
     % 返回调整后的总负荷功率
    
     adjusted_load_power = critical_load_power + adjusted_non_critical_load_power;
    
 end
    
    
    
    

 function [power_commands] = optimizationBasedEMS(charging_load, grid_power, battery_soc, price_signal)

    
     % 定义优化变量
    
     x = optimvar('x', 3, 'LowerBound', [0, 0, -battery_soc * 500], 'UpperBound', [charging_load, grid_power, 0]);
    
  
    
     % 定义目标函数
    
     objective = sum(x .* price_signal);
    
  
    
     % 定义约束条件
    
     constraints = [
    
     x(1) + x(2) + x(3) == charging_load; % 功率平衡约束
    
     x(1) <= charging_load; % 充电负载约束
    
     x(2) <= grid_power; % 主网功率约束
    
     x(3) >= -battery_soc * 500; % 电池放电约束
    
     ];
    
  
    
     % 求解优化问题
    
     problem = optimproblem('Objective', objective, 'Constraints', constraints);
    
     solution = solve(problem);
    
  
    
     % 获取最优功率命令
    
     power_commands = struct('Charging', solution.x(1), 'Grid', solution.x(2), 'Battery', solution.x(3));
    
 end
    
    
    
    

 % 添加实时电价模块

    
 add_block('simulink/Sources/From File', 'Real_Time_Price');
    
  
    
 % 设置实时电价数据文件
    
 set_param('Real_Time_Price', 'FileName', 'price_data.mat'); % 电价数据文件
    
 set_param('Real_Time_Price', 'VariableName', 'price_signal'); % 电价数据变量名
    
  
    
 % 连接实时电价到能量管理系统
    
 connect_blocks('Real_Time_Price', 'EMS');
    
    
    
    

 % 添加状态机模块

    
 add_block('stateflow/Chart', 'Mode_Switching_Logic');
    
  
    
 % 设置状态机逻辑
    
 set_param('Mode_Switching_Logic', 'States', {'Grid_Tied', 'Islanded'});
    
 set_param('Mode_Switching_Logic', 'Transitions', {
    
     'Grid_Tied -> Islanded: grid_fault_detected',
    
     'Islanded -> Grid_Tied: grid_restored'
    
 });
    
  
    
 % 定义模式切换条件
    
 set_param('Mode_Switching_Logic', 'Conditions', {
    
     'grid_fault_detected', 'grid_voltage < 220 || grid_frequency < 49 || grid_frequency > 51';
    
     'grid_restored', 'grid_voltage >= 220 && grid_frequency >= 49 && grid_frequency <= 51'
    
 });
    
  
    
 % 连接模式切换逻辑到系统
    
 connect_blocks('Mode_Switching_Logic', 'System_Model');
    
    
    
    

 function [mode_switch_command] = smoothModeSwitching(current_mode, target_mode, transition_time)

    
     % 如果当前模式与目标模式不同，则启动平滑切换
    
     if strcmp(current_mode, target_mode) == 0
    
     mode_switch_command = 'Start_Transition';
    
     
    
     % 逐步调整功率分配
    
     for t = 0:transition_time
    
         adjustPowerDistribution(t, transition_time);
    
     end
    
     
    
     % 切换完成后更新当前模式
    
     current_mode = target_mode;
    
     else
    
     mode_switch_command = 'No_Action';
    
     end
    
 end
    
    
    
    

 % 添加短路故障检测模块

    
 add_block('fault_detection/Fault Detector', 'Short_Circuit_Detector');
    
  
    
 % 设置短路故障检测参数
    
 set_param('Short_Circuit_Detector', 'Threshold', '1000'); % 短路电流阈值为1000 A
    
  
    
 % 连接短路故障检测到系统
    
 connect_blocks('Short_Circuit_Detector', 'System_Model');
    
    
    
    

 % 添加过载保护模块

    
 add_block('protection_devices/Overload Protector', 'Overload_Protector');
    
  
    
 % 设置过载保护参数
    
 set_param('Overload_Protector', 'Threshold', '500'); % 过载电流阈值为500 A
    
  
    
 % 连接过载保护到系统
    
 connect_blocks('Overload_Protector', 'System_Model');