scrapy爬虫，爬取整形美容网医生信息
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因为公司的商务部门需要网站上的医生信息，所以让我爬取。
网址：https://www.010yt.com/doc/
因为之前学习了scrapy爬虫，所以在爬取这个项目信息的时候就用了这个信息。
首先就先是在cmd上面导入项目所需要的包
pip install scrapy
pip install requests
pip install pymysql
这是这个项目所需要的三个模块的包
导入之后就是创建一个scrapy项目
scrapy startproject 项目名
cd 项目名
scrapy genspider 爬虫名 域名
上面这是创建scrapy项目的模板代码
然后就在pycharm上面导入这个项目
导入进去之后，第一件事情然后就是，修改配置文件
具体怎么修改，我参考的是这篇文章：scrapy案例
直接贴我的settings的代码
# Scrapy settings for hos project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
BOT_NAME = 'hos'
SPIDER_MODULES = ['hos.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'hos.spiders'
# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0'
# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False
# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 100
# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 0
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 100
CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 100
# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
COOKIES_ENABLED = False
# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False
# Override the default request headers:
DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Language': 'en',
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/87.0.4280.141 Safari/537.36',
}
# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
# 'hos.middlewares.HosSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}
# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
# 'hos.middlewares.HosDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}
# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
# 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}
# Configure item pipelines
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
'hos.pipelines.HosPipeline': 300,
}
# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False
# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'
然后就是在items里边定义自己想要的数据
还是直接贴代码：
# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html
import scrapy
class HosItem(scrapy.Item):
# define the fields for your item here like:
# name = scrapy.Field()
docname = scrapy.Field()
sex = scrapy.Field()
zhicheng = scrapy.Field()
college = scrapy.Field()
nianxian = scrapy.Field()
tsxiangmu = scrapy.Field()
zxxiangmu = scrapy.Field()
docjianjie = scrapy.Field()
city = scrapy.Field()
hos = scrapy.Field()
items里边写完了，然后就在 爬虫名.py 这个文件里边写具体的操作了
import scrapy
from ..items import HosItem
class DoctorSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'doctor'
allowed_domains = ['www.010yt.com']
start_urls = ['https://www.010yt.com/doc/show-21.html']
offset = 21
def parse(self, response):
# docnama = scrapy.Field()
# sex = scrapy.Field()
# zhicheng = scrapy.Field()
# college = scrapy.Field()
# nianxian = scrapy.Field()
# tsxiangmu = scrapy.Field()
# zxxiangmu = scrapy.Field()
# docjianjie = scrapy.Field() city
items = HosItem()
if response.xpath('normalize-space(/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/h1/text())').get()!='':
print(response.xpath('/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/div[4]/div[1]/ul/li[4]/span/a/@href').get())
if response.xpath('/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/div[4]/div[1]/ul/li[4]/span/a/@href').get() !='':
items["docname"] = response.xpath('normalize-space(/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/h1/text())').get()
items["sex"] = ''
items["zhicheng"] = response.xpath('normalize-space(/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/div[4]/div[1]/ul/li[1]/span/text())').get()
items["college"] = ''
items["nianxian"] = response.xpath('normalize-space(/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/div[4]/div[1]/ul/li[6]/span/text())').get()
items["tsxiangmu"] = response.xpath('normalize-space(/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/div[4]/div[1]/ul/li[3]/span/text())').get()
items["zxxiangmu"] = response.xpath('normalize-space(/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/div[4]/div[2]/p[2]/text())').get()
items["docjianjie"] = response.xpath('normalize-space(/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/div[4]/div[2]/p[1]/text())').get()
items["city"] = response.xpath('normalize-space(/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/div[4]/div[1]/ul/li[5]/span/text())').get()
items["hos"] = response.xpath('normalize-space(/html/body/div[3]/div[1]/div[4]/div[1]/ul/li[4]/span/a/text())').get()
yield items
if self.offset < 18000:
self.offset += 1
url = 'https://www.010yt.com/doc/show-{}.html'.format(
str(self.offset))
yield scrapy.Request(url=url, callback=self.parse)
else:
if self.offset < 18000:
self.offset += 1
url = 'https://www.010yt.com/doc/show-{}.html'.format(
str(self.offset))
yield scrapy.Request(url=url, callback=self.parse)
else:
if self.offset < 18000:
self.offset += 1
url = 'https://www.010yt.com/doc/show-{}.html'.format(
str(self.offset))
yield scrapy.Request(url=url, callback=self.parse)
在这里边获取了数据之后就交给管道pipeline处理
我在pipeline这里将数据存储到了本地的数据库
# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
# useful for handling different item types with a single interface
from itemadapter import ItemAdapter
import pymysql
class HosPipeline:
def process_item(self, item, spider):
print(item)
con = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', user='root', password='', db='mydbb', charset='utf8')
sql = "INSERT INTO doc(city,docname,sex,zhicheng,college,nianxian,tsxiangmu,zxxiangmu,docjianjie,hos) VALUES(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)"
cursor = con.cursor()
cursor.execute(sql,(item['city'],item['docname'],item['sex'],item['zhicheng'],item['college'],item['nianxian'],item['tsxiangmu'],item['zxxiangmu'],item['docjianjie'],item['hos']))
con.commit()
cursor.close()
print("关闭成功1")
con.close()
print("关闭成功2")
return item
然后这儿的main文件是需要自己创建然后写的，用于程序的执行
from scrapy import cmdline
cmdline.execute('scrapy crawl doctor'.split())
然后运行main文件就行了。
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