软件工程领域敏捷开发的问题解决思路

    个体和互动 高于 流程和工具
    工作的软件 高于 详尽的文档
    客户合作 高于 合同谈判
    响应变化 高于 遵循计划

    def calculate_priority(story):
    """计算用户故事优先级"""
    business_value = story['value']
    risk = story['risk']
    effort = story['effort']
    
    # 使用WSJF(Weighted Shortest Job First)公式
    priority = (business_value * risk) / effort
    return priority
    
    # 示例用户故事
    stories = [
    {'id': 1, 'value': 8, 'risk': 7, 'effort': 5},
    {'id': 2, 'value': 5, 'risk': 3, 'effort': 2},
    {'id': 3, 'value': 9, 'risk': 8, 'effort': 8}
    ]
    
    # 计算并排序优先级
    prioritized = sorted(stories, 
                    key=lambda x: calculate_priority(x), 
                    reverse=True)
    
    print("优先级排序结果:")
    for story in prioritized:
    print(f"故事ID:{story['id']}, 优先级:{calculate_priority(story):.2f}")
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-16/Llku9P3HGR6Z1NvjiKIrD8y7MF2m.png)

    def calculate_team_velocity(completed_stories):
    """计算团队速率"""
    total_points = sum(story['points'] for story in completed_stories)
    return total_points
    
    def collaboration_efficiency(actual_velocity, ideal_velocity):
    """计算协作效率"""
    return (actual_velocity / ideal_velocity) 
    
    # 示例数据
    sprint1 = [{'id': 1, 'points': 5}, {'id': 2, 'points': 3}]
    sprint2 = [{'id': 3, 'points': 8}, {'id': 4, 'points': 2}]
    
    print(f"迭代1速率: {calculate_team_velocity(sprint1)}")
    print(f"迭代2速率: {calculate_team_velocity(sprint2)}")
    print(f"协作效率: {collaboration_efficiency(13, 20):.1f}%")
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-16/T1AZjNdqghLv2J9Dba4EfziInlw7.png)

    # 简化的CI/CD流程模拟
    class CICDPipeline:
    def __init__(self):
        self.steps = [
            '代码检出',
            '依赖安装',
            '单元测试',
            '集成测试',
            '代码质量扫描',
            '构建打包',
            '部署测试环境',
            '验收测试',
            '部署生产'
        ]
    
    def run_pipeline(self, code_changes):
        print("启动CI/CD流水线...")
        for step in self.steps:
            print(f"执行步骤: {step}")
            if step == '单元测试' and not self.run_tests(code_changes):
                print("单元测试失败，流水线终止")
                return False
            if step == '代码质量扫描' and not self.check_quality(code_changes):
                print("代码质量未达标，流水线终止")
                return False
        print("流水线执行成功!")
        return True
    
    def run_tests(self, changes):
        # 模拟测试执行
        return changes.get('tests_passed', True)
    
    def check_quality(self, changes):
        # 模拟质量检查
        return changes.get('quality_ok', True)
    
    # 使用示例
    pipeline = CICDPipeline()
    changes = {'tests_passed': True, 'quality_ok': True}
    pipeline.run_pipeline(changes)
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-16/YGqPXIE8nUixVaCzrs3kmvABt01M.png)

    # TDD示例：购物车功能开发
    import unittest
    
    # 先写测试
    class TestShoppingCart(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_add_item(self):
        cart = ShoppingCart()
        cart.add_item("商品A", 1)
        self.assertEqual(cart.get_total_items(), 1)
    
    def test_remove_item(self):
        cart = ShoppingCart()
        cart.add_item("商品B", 2)
        cart.remove_item("商品B", 1)
        self.assertEqual(cart.get_total_items(), 1)
    
    # 再实现功能代码
    class ShoppingCart:
    def __init__(self):
        self.items = {}
    
    def add_item(self, product, quantity):
        if product in self.items:
            self.items[product] += quantity
        else:
            self.items[product] = quantity
    
    def remove_item(self, product, quantity):
        if product in self.items:
            self.items[product] -= quantity
            if self.items[product] <= 0:
                del self.items[product]
    
    def get_total_items(self):
        return sum(self.items.values())
    
    # 测试
    if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-16/ZMGLAOEaI76WpshmCPXRQUFr98y4.png)