【人工智能】Embodied AI 技术解释：具身人工智能

具身人工智能（Embodied AI）是一种结合了物理系统和人工智能的新兴技术，旨在使机器人等设备能够通过与物理世界的互动和学习来模仿人类的学习方式。与传统AI不同，具身AI强调机器人通过传感器和AI系统与环境互动，并从这些互动中学习和适应。这种技术已在工业、医疗和自动驾驶等领域展现出潜力，例如通过传感器和AI系统，机器人可以识别作物植物并喷洒除草剂，或通过学习驾驶环境以实现自动驾驶。未来，具身AI可能进一步应用于自动驾驶汽车和自主机器人，甚至通过Watson等AI工具开发简单机器人。尽管当前仍处于研究阶段，但具身AI在多个领域展现出广泛的应用前景。

目录

【人工智能】Embodied AI 技术解释：具身人工智能

What embodied AI is ？

How embodied AI works？

Benefits of embodied AI

What’s next for embodied AI ？

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人工智能

Integrating AI into mobile systems is enabling robots to learn in manners akin to human cognition. The mechanism behind embodied AI involves integrating sensorimotor capabilities into learning processes.

What embodied AI is ？

Embodied AI refers to: Conventional AI is fundamentally a computational methodology. Algorithms process data and leverage what they have 'learned' to address novel scenarios. Artificial intelligence (AI) fundamentally represents: Traditional AI involves a computational approach. Algorithms process data and apply what they have 'learned' to new situations.

This method may face numerous limitations, particularly when AI interacts with the real world. For instance, AI-powered computer vision performs well in controlled settings, such as factories. However, in dynamic environments where factors like distance, lighting, and orientation are constantly changing, its effectiveness diminishes significantly.

该算法方法在控制涉及常识知识或共享人类经验的情况方面也表现出色，却难以有效管理。为什么？因为这种知识类型植根于我们人类的体现——我们与肉体的关系。这已被描述为“思想不仅与身体相连，而且身体影响心灵”的想法。具身人工智能是一种计算机学习方法，试图将这种关系应用于人工系统。

How embodied AI works？

How embodied AI functions:** The concept of embodiment in AI involves interacting with physical systems in the real world. To elaborate: robotic systems. Specifically, AI systems that are embodied are designed to imitate human-like cognitive processes.

Investigating embodied AI, researchers are shifting away from a strictly algorithm-driven approach. Instead, they begin by exploring the workings of biological systems, formulate general principles of intelligent behavior, and ultimately apply these insights to craft artificial systems, such as robots or intelligent devices.

通过人工智能，机器人能够与物理世界互动并从中学习。为了实现这一目标，机器人配备了能够从周围环境中导入数据的传感器，同时配备了能够分析和学习这些数据的人工智能系统。机器人使用人工智能与物理世界互动，并从它们的互动中学习。他们配备了可以从周围世界导入数据的传感器，以及可以检查和“学习”这些数据的人工智能系统。

For instance, teaching a robot to perform tasks like picking a wrench would involve the algorithmic method, which programs the robot with the necessary movements (e.g., opening hand, moving hand over wrench, closing hand, etc.). In contrast, an embodied AI approach might enable the robot to learn through trial and error by attempting random guesses, refining its strategy with each failed attempt until it achieves its goal.

This method, known as reinforcement learning, was employed by a research lab at UC Berkeley to train robots in performing complex tasks such as folding laundry and playing games. Effectively, the robot teaches itself through this self-learning process.

Benefits of embodied AI

Benefits of embodied AI: Could this all sound like the start of the film The Terminator? But regardless, embodied AI is already being used in many different applications.

The most recent models of the Roomba robot vacuum cleaner are equipped with sensors and artificial intelligence to acquire and retain information about the location of objects within a room. In fact, several companies are currently engaged in efforts to integrate embodied AI capabilities into various types of Internet of Things (IoT) devices.

最新升级版的Roomba吸尘器配备了先进的传感器和人工智能技术，能够识别和存储房间内物体的位置信息。事实上，许多公司正在探索如何为一系列支持物联网（IoT）的设备开发具体的人工智能功能。

John Deere has introduced an advanced autonomous system utilizing AI and computer vision to differentiate between crop plants and weeds. By this method, the system targets weed treatment exclusively to weeds. Such an approach has significantly decreased the volume of chemicals employed.

约翰迪尔制造了一款自导式机器人，该机器人通过AI技术及计算机视觉识别作物与杂草的不同。这样设计下，该机器人仅在杂草区域喷洒除草剂，从而显著降低了化学品的使用量。

Neuromation, a startup known for its innovative AI solutions, has made significant strides in developing advanced computer vision AI systems aimed at identifying and tracking individual animals for improved herd management. Autonomous robots designed in the shape of bees are now being employed to assist in the pollination of plants, marking an exciting advancement in the field of robotics.

Startup Neuromation仍在致力于开发计算机视觉人工智能系统，该系统旨在识别并追踪单独的动物个体，从而提升牲畜群的管理效率。像蜜蜂形状的自动机器人则被用于帮助植物进行授粉。

Medical startup Embodied, a company dedicated to developing AI-powered companion robots, is among numerous organizations advancing this technology. In the future, such robots might aid in maintaining the well-being of the elderly, serving as monitors or administering medication.

医疗保健初创公司Embodied 是专注于研发人工智能伴侣机器人的众多企业中的一个。未来，这类机器人将被用于陪伴老年人、监测患者以及管理药物。

Embodied AI could integrate AI with existing IoT devices. For instance, rather than relying solely on IoT for basic health monitoring, as with Fitbit-like devices, an AI-enabled device could make life-saving decisions on the spot and deliver the appropriate medication.

具身AI还能够整合现有物联网设备与人工智能技术。例如，传统的类似Fitbit的设备主要通过物联网监测健康状况，而具身AI设备则能够在现场迅速做出生命 critical decisions，并正确管理药物。

What’s next for embodied AI ？

Looking ahead, the most promising area in embodied AI is autonomous vehicles. Perhaps the most significant focus within embodied AI will lie in advancing on-board systems that enable vehicles to comprehend their surroundings through real-time interaction. Specifically, advancements in on-board systems aim to enable autonomous vehicles to understand their surroundings through real-time interaction. The goal is for these vehicles to learn how to drive much as humans do, by actively sensing their environment and making decisions based on sensory data. Ultimately, the objective is for these systems to mimic human driving behavior, achieving this by actively sensing their environment and making decisions based on sensory data.

下一步，我对具身AI最感兴趣的方向是自动驾驶汽车。特别地，我们致力于开发车载系统，这些系统能让自动驾驶汽车在驾驶过程中感知其环境。我们的目标是使这些车辆能够像人类一样驾驶，通过感知环境并基于经验做出决策。

Despite the fact that this type of highly-functional embodied AI is still a long way off, numerous researchers are currently engaged in this field. At IBM, researchers have crafted a self-assembled cardboard robot, equipped with a Raspberry Pi module and IBM Watson, a machine learning-powered platform, along with a servo-controlled arm, a camera, and a microphone. This versatile robot has been made accessible to all interested parties who wish to explore the realm of embodied AI through hands-on experimentation.

As embodied artificial intelligence (AI) becomes mainstream, new questions — such as how to train robots to develop the ability to comprehend context and the question of whether humans and robots can share a common understanding of concepts and categories — will likely emerge.

随着具身人工智能发展成为主流技术，一个新的议题——如何使机器人能够理解人类的上下文信息，以及人类与机器人是否能够以一致的方式理解概念和类别——可能会引发关注。