区块链与数字货币技术：原理、实现及应用解析

    import hashlib
    import time
    
    class Block:
    def __init__(self, index, previous_hash, timestamp, data, hash):
        self.index = index
        self.previous_hash = previous_hash
        self.timestamp = timestamp
        self.data = data
        self.hash = hash
    
    def calculate_hash(self):
        value = str(self.index) + str(self.previous_hash) + str(self.timestamp) + str(self.data)
        return hashlib.sha256(value.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
    
    class Blockchain:
    def __init__(self):
        self.chain = [self.create_genesis_block()]
    
    def create_genesis_block(self):
        return Block(0, "0", int(time.time()), "Genesis Block", "0")
    
    def get_latest_block(self):
        return self.chain[-1]
    
    def add_block(self, new_block):
        new_block.previous_hash = self.get_latest_block().hash
        new_block.hash = new_block.calculate_hash()
        self.chain.append(new_block)
    
    def is_chain_valid(self):
        for i in range(1, len(self.chain)):
            current_block = self.chain[i]
            previous_block = self.chain[i - 1]
            if current_block.hash != current_block.calculate_hash():
                return False
            if current_block.previous_hash != previous_block.hash:
                return False
        return True
    
    # 示例使用
    blockchain = Blockchain()
    blockchain.add_block(Block(1, "", int(time.time()), "Transaction Data 1", ""))
    blockchain.add_block(Block(2, "", int(time.time()), "Transaction Data 2", ""))
    
    print("Is blockchain valid?", blockchain.is_chain_valid())
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-16/KdVMaj9HwIrLu38XkGsNPQZyfSEn.png)

    from ecdsa import SigningKey, SECP256k1
    import hashlib
    import base58
    
    # 生成私钥和公钥
    def generate_keys():
    private_key = SigningKey.generate(curve=SECP256k1)
    public_key = private_key.get_verifying_key()
    return private_key, public_key
    
    # 从公钥生成地址
    def generate_address(public_key):
    public_key_bytes = public_key.to_string()
    sha256 = hashlib.sha256(public_key_bytes).digest()
    ripemd160 = hashlib.new('ripemd160', sha256).digest()
    address = b'\x00' + ripemd160  # 以太坊地址前缀(0x00)
    checksum = hashlib.sha256(hashlib.sha256(address).digest()).digest()[:4]
    address += checksum
    return base58.b58encode(address).decode()
    
    # 创建交易
    def create_transaction(from_address, to_address, amount, private_key):
    transaction = {
        "from": from_address,
        "to": to_address,
        "amount": amount
    }
    transaction_json = str(transaction).encode()
    signature = private_key.sign(transaction_json)
    return transaction, signature.hex()
    
    # 示例使用
    private_key, public_key = generate_keys()
    address = generate_address(public_key)
    print("Wallet Address:", address)
    
    to_address = "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"  # 示例接收地址
    amount = 0.1  # 示例交易金额
    transaction, signature = create_transaction(address, to_address, amount, private_key)
    print("Transaction:", transaction)
    print("Signature:", signature)
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-16/DQFzLk83gVotlGqIuMRjJibmYxN1.png)