双向广搜的DIJKSTRA算法--简易的北京地铁导航实现
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在本学期的课程设计项目中，开发一个能够求解最短路径算法的系统，在此基础上从而采用Dijkstra算法作为基础，并通过同时采用双向广度优先搜索对其进行优化。
实现了简易的北京地铁导航。于是把代码分享出来。
（核心代码是find_min()，Dijkstra()部分）
转载或者用到里面的代码请注明博主姓名以及出处！
该区域内的地下车站分布较为合理。
乘客可在此站点换乘不同线路的列车。
该站点设有多个入口供乘客进出。
每个换乘站都配备了自动扶梯和指示标识。
为了提高服务质量，
我们将对各出入口进行升级改造。
代码：
/*************************************************************** *
版权所有 (C)2014, 五十风
程序名称：北京地铁导航
作 者：五十风
完成日期：2015.1.20
15.
***************************************************************/
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
#include <windows.h>
#include<conio.h>
using namespace std;
#define N 200
const double V=0.555;
int n;
struct road
{
int des;//终点站名
double dis;//距离
};
//本站能到达的其他站的站名
struct subway
{
subway()
{count=0;}
int count;
road lu[6];
};
//临时记录起点到达其他点的最短路
struct min_road
{
min_road()
{
count=0;
dis=0.0;
}
int count;
double dis;
int transit[N];//经过的点，包含起点，与目的地
};
struct s_e
{
int s_to_des;
int e_to_des;
};
struct cmp
{
bool operator()(road x,road y)
{
return x.dis<y.dis;
}
};
int sort_road(subway *arry,int n)
{
int i=0;
for(i=1;i<n;i++)
{
if(arry[i].count)
sort(arry[i].lu,arry[i].lu+arry[i].count,cmp());
}
return 0;
}
int find_min(subway *arry,bool *vis,min_road *_dis,int n)
{
int i,j,s_dian,e_dian;
double min,temp;
bool f=true;
for(i=1;i<n;i++)
{
if(vis[i])
{
subway &dian=arry[i];
for(j=0;j<dian.count;j++)
{
if(!vis[dian.lu[j].des])
{
temp=_dis[i].dis+dian.lu[j].dis;
if(f)
{
f=false;
s_dian=i;
e_dian=dian.lu[j].des;
min=temp;
}
else
if(min>temp)
{
s_dian=i;
e_dian=dian.lu[j].des;
min=temp;
}
break;
}
}
}
}
if(f)
return 0;
vis[e_dian]=true;
for(i=0;i<_dis[s_dian].count;i++)
{
_dis[e_dian].transit[i]=_dis[s_dian].transit[i];
}
_dis[e_dian].transit[i]=e_dian;
_dis[e_dian].count=_dis[s_dian].count+1;
_dis[e_dian].dis=min;
return e_dian;
}
s_e Dijkstra(subway *arry,bool *s_vis,bool *e_vis,min_road *s_dis,min_road *e_dis,int start,int end,int n)
{
int temp1,temp2,i,j;
s_e temp;
for(i=1;i<n;i++)
{
temp1=find_min(arry,s_vis,s_dis,n);
if(temp1==end)
{
temp.s_to_des=temp1;
temp.e_to_des=0;
return temp;
}
temp2=find_min(arry,e_vis,e_dis,n);
if(temp2==start)
{
temp.e_to_des=temp2;
temp.s_to_des=0;
return temp;
}
if(temp1==temp2 &&temp1!=0)
{
temp.s_to_des=temp1;
temp.e_to_des=temp2;
return temp;
}
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
if(e_vis[j] && s_vis[j])
{
temp.s_to_des=j;
temp.e_to_des=j;
return temp;
}
}
}
temp.s_to_des=0;
temp.e_to_des=0;
return temp;
}
void input(subway *arry,int start,int end,double dis)
{
int &cc=arry[start].count;
int &bb=arry[end].count;
arry[start].lu[cc].des=end;
arry[start].lu[cc].dis=dis;
cc++;
arry[end].lu[bb].des=start;
arry[end].lu[bb].dis=dis;
bb++;
}
void show(min_road a,bool if_s,bool if_second)
{
int i,num;
bool f=0;
string s;
ifstream fin;
if(if_s)
for(i=0;i<a.count;i++)
{
f=0;
fin.open("no.txt");
while(fin>>num)
{
fin>>s;
if(num==a.transit[i])
{
f=1;
break;
}
}
fin.close();
if(f)
cout<<s<<" ";
else
cout<<"\n错误："<<"找不到"<<a.transit[i]<<"no.txt被修改或删除\n";
}
else
{
i=a.count-1;
if(if_second)
i--;
for(;i>=0;i--)
{
f=0;
fin.open("no.txt");
while(fin>>num)
{
fin>>s;
if(num==a.transit[i])
{
f=1;
break;
}
}
fin.close();
if(f)
cout<<s<<" ";
else
cout<<"\n错误："<<"找不到"<<a.transit[i]<<"no.txt被修改或删除\n";
}
}
}
bool In(wchar_t start, wchar_t end, wchar_t code)
{
if (code >= start && code <= end)
{
return true;
}
return false;
}
char convert(wchar_t n)
{
if (In(0xB0A1,0xB0C4,n)) return 'a';
if (In(0XB0C5,0XB2C0,n)) return 'b';
if (In(0xB2C1,0xB4ED,n)) return 'c';
if (In(0xB4EE,0xB6E9,n)) return 'd';
if (In(0xB6EA,0xB7A1,n)) return 'e';
if (In(0xB7A2,0xB8c0,n)) return 'f';
if (In(0xB8C1,0xB9FD,n)) return 'g';
if (In(0xB9FE,0xBBF6,n)) return 'h';
if (In(0xBBF7,0xBFA5,n)) return 'j';
if (In(0xBFA6,0xC0AB,n)) return 'k';
if (In(0xC0AC,0xC2E7,n)) return 'l';
if (In(0xC2E8,0xC4C2,n)) return 'm';
if (In(0xC4C3,0xC5B5,n)) return 'n';
if (In(0xC5B6,0xC5BD,n)) return 'o';
if (In(0xC5BE,0xC6D9,n)) return 'p';
if (In(0xC6DA,0xC8BA,n)) return 'q';
if (In(0xC8BB,0xC8F5,n)) return 'r';
if (In(0xC8F6,0xCBF0,n)) return 's';
if (In(0xCBFA,0xCDD9,n)) return 't';
if (In(0xCDDA,0xCEF3,n)) return 'w';
if (In(0xCEF4,0xD188,n)) return 'x';
if (In(0xD1B9,0xD4D0,n)) return 'y';
if (In(0xD4D1,0xD7F9,n)) return 'z';
return '\0';
}
char pinyin(string sChinese)
{
char chr[3];
wchar_t wchr = 0;
char buff=0x00;
int j=0,i=0;
memset(chr, 0x00, sizeof(chr));
chr[0] = sChinese[j++];
chr[1] = sChinese[j++];
chr[2] = '\0';
wchr = 0;
wchr = (chr[0] & 0xff) << 8;
wchr |= (chr[1] & 0xff);
buff = convert(wchr);
return buff;
}
int find_num(string s)
{
char c;
int num;
string a;
c=pinyin(s);
a=c;
a="subway\ "+a+".txt";
ifstream fin;
fin.open(a.c_str());
while(fin>>a)
{
fin>>num;
if(a==s)
{
fin.close();
return num;
}
}
fin.close();
return -1;
}
void meun()
{
int i=0,j;
char a=3,b=5;
cout<<"\t\t";
for(j=1;j<10;j++)
{
if(i==0)
{
if(!(j&1)) cout<<a<<" ";
else cout<<b<<" ";
}
else
{
if((j&1)) cout<<a<<" ";
else cout<<b<<" ";
}
}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"\t\t";
if(i==1) cout<<a;
else cout<<b;
cout<<" 北京地铁导航 ";
if(i==0) cout<<a;
else cout<<b;
cout<<endl;
cout<<"\t\t";
for(j=1;j<10;j++)
{
if(i==0)
{
if(!(j&1)) cout<<a<<" ";
else cout<<b<<" ";
}
else
{
if((j&1)) cout<<a<<" ";
else cout<<b<<" ";
}
}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"\n\t1.查找最佳乘坐方案\t2.查看支持站名\n";
cout<<"\t3.新增站点\t\t4.新增路线\n\t0.退出\n\n";
}
int money(double a)
{
int m;
if(a>0.0 && a<=6.0) return 3;
if( a>6.0 &&a<=12.0) return 4;
if(a>12.0 &&a<=32.0)
{
m=4;
a-=12.0;
m++;
while(a>0)
{
a-=10;
m++;
}
return m;
}
if(a>32.0)
{
m=6;
a-=32.0;
m++;
while(a>0)
{
a-=20;
m++;
}
return m;
}
}
void newsubway()
{
ifstream fin;
int temp_num;
fin.open("num.txt");
fin>>temp_num;
temp_num++;
fin.close();
ofstream fout,fout2,fout3;
cout<<"输入新增站点名:";
string s;
string name;
cin>>s;
string c;
c=pinyin(s);
name="subway\ "+c+".txt";
fout.open(name.c_str(),ios::app);
fout<<s<<" ";
fout<<temp_num<<endl;
fout.close();
fout2.open("no.txt",ios::app);
fout2<<temp_num<<" ";
fout2<<s<<"\n";
fout2.close();
fout3.open("num.txt");
fout3<<temp_num;
fout3.close();
}
void newroad(subway *arry)
{
subway *a=arry;
ofstream fout;
string one,two;
double dis;
int s,e;
cout<<"输入新增路线，格式为:站名 站名 路程。\n如：天安门西 天安门东 0.9\n";
cin>>one;
cin>>two;
cin>>dis;
s=find_num(one);
e=find_num(two);
fout.open("road.txt",ios::app);
fout<<s<<" "<<e<<" "<<dis<<" "<<endl;
fout.close();
input(a,e,s,dis);
}
int main()
{
SetConsoleTitle("北京地铁导航");
system("COLOR F0");
subway arry[N];
int i,a,b,choose;
double c,min;
string one,two;
int start,end;
ifstream fin;
ifstream fin2;
fin2.open("num.txt");
fin2>>n;
n++;
fin2.close();
fin.open("road.txt");
while(fin>>a)
{
fin>>b;
fin>>c;
input(arry,a,b,c);
}
fin.close();
sort_road(arry,n);
while(1)
{
meun();
cout<<"输入选择:";
cin>>choose;
if(choose==0)
{
cout<<endl<<endl;
break;
}
if(choose==3)
{
newsubway();
fflush(stdin);
cout<<"按任意键继续";
getchar();
system("cls");
}
if(choose==4)
{
newroad(arry);
fflush(stdin);
cout<<"按任意键继续";
getchar();
system("cls");
}
if(choose==2)
{
cout<<endl;
int a;
string s;
ifstream fin;
fin.open("no.txt");
while(fin>>a)
{
fin>>s;
cout<<a<<"."<<s<<" ";
} cout<<endl<<endl;
fin.close();
fflush(stdin);
cout<<"按任意键继续";
getchar();
system("cls");
continue;
}
if(choose==1)
{
bool s_vis[N],e_vis[N];
min_road s_dis[N],e_dis[N];
s_e temp;
min=0.0;
cout<<"输入起点:";
cin>>one;
cout<<"输入终点:";
cin>>two;
start=find_num(one);
end=find_num(two);
if(start==-1 || end==-1)
{
cout<<"输入的地铁站错误"<<endl;
fflush(stdin);
cout<<"按任意键继续";
getchar();
system("cls");
continue;
}
memset(s_vis,false,sizeof(s_vis));
memset(e_vis,false,sizeof(e_vis));
s_dis[start].count++;
s_dis[start].transit[0]=start;
e_dis[end].count++;
e_dis[end].transit[0]=end;
s_vis[start]=true;
e_vis[end]=true;
temp=Dijkstra(arry,s_vis,e_vis,s_dis,e_dis,start,end,n);
cout<<"\n乘坐路线为：";
if(temp.s_to_des!=0)
{
min+=s_dis[temp.s_to_des].dis;
show(s_dis[temp.s_to_des],true,false);
if(temp.e_to_des!=0)
{
min+=e_dis[temp.e_to_des].dis;
show(e_dis[temp.e_to_des],false,true);
}
}
else
{
min+=e_dis[temp.e_to_des].dis;
show(e_dis[temp.e_to_des],false,false);
}
cout<<"\n长度："<<min<<endl;
cout<<"所需时间："<<(int)(min/V)+2<<"分钟"<<endl;
cout<<"所需钱："<<money(min)<<"元"<<endl<<endl;
fflush(stdin);
cout<<"按任意键继续";
getchar();
system("cls");
}
system("cls");
}
return 0;
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