路由协议-EIGRP-知识汇总
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EIGRP路由协议是私有路由协议，由Cisco定制
EIGRP是Cisco的私有路由协议,它综合了距离矢量和链路状态2者的优点
The EIGRP protocol uses the DUAL algorithm to determine the optimal successor route towards the destination. When issues arise with the best route, EIGRP does not utilize a hold-down timer but instead immediately switches to a feasible successor route, thereby enabling rapid convergence.
EIGRP使用DUAL来决定到达目的地的最佳路由
AD：通告距离，下一条到达目的网络的距离
FD：可行距离，本身去往目的网络距离
S：后继路由器，FD最小路径上的下一条
FS：可行后继路由器，满足FC的下一条设备
FC：可性性条件，AD<FDmin,防环
metric=[K1*bandwidth+(K2*bandwidth)/(256–load)+K3*delay]*[K5/(reliability+K4)]
默认:K1=1,K2=0,K3=1,K4=0,K5=0
这样就得到默认的度的简化计算公式,如下:
metric=bandwidth+delay
注意,不推荐修改K值.K值通过EIGRP的hello包运载.如果两个路由器的K值不匹配的话它们是不会形成邻居关系的
EIGRPMetricsBackwardCompatibletoIGRP
EIGRP的度和IGRP的度能够很好的进行兼容.IGRP的度是以24位的格式,而EIGRP是32位的格式.它们之间的关系是
EIGRP的度是256倍于IGRP的度.也就是说假如IGRP的度为1000的话,换算成EIGRP的度为256000
EIGRP特征
高级距离矢量路由协议
快速收敛
支持VLSM和不连续子网
支持部分更新
支持多种网络层协议
灵活的网络设计
组播和单播代替广播地址
100%无环的无类路由
广域网和局域网配置简单
支持等价和不等价负载均衡EIGRP路由三张表
IP EIGRP Neighbor Table（邻居表）
IP EIGRP Topology Table（拓扑表）
The IP Routing Table（路由表）IP EIGRP Neighbor Table（邻居表）
R2#show ip eigrp neighbor
EIGRP-IPv4 Neighbors for AS(1)
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq
(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
1 12.1.1.1 Et0/0 14 00:05:09 11 100 0 4
0 23.1.1.2 Et0/1 12 00:05:09 8 100 0 4IP EIGRP Topology Table（拓扑表）
R2#show ip eigr topology
EIGRP-IPv4 Topology Table for AS(1)/ID(2.2.2.2)
Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
r - reply Status, s - sia Status
P 2.2.2.2/32, 1 successors, FD is 128256
via Connected, Loopback0
P 23.1.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 281600
via Connected, Ethernet0/1
P 12.1.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 281600
via Connected, Ethernet0/0
P 3.3.3.3/32, 1 successors, FD is 409600
via 23.1.1.2 (409600/128256), Ethernet0/1
P 1.1.1.1/32, 1 successors, FD is 409600
via 12.1.1.1 (409600/128256), Ethernet0/0The IP Routing Table（路由表）
R2#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 1.1.1.1 [90/409600] via 12.1.1.1, 00:10:30, Ethernet0/0
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 3.3.3.3 [90/409600] via 23.1.1.2, 00:10:27, Ethernet0/1
12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 12.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
L 12.1.1.2/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0
23.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 23.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1
L 23.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1EIGRP配置
R2>en
R2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#int e0/0
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no sh
R2(config-if)#int e0/1
R2(config-if)#ip add 23.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#int lo0
R2(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
R2(config-if)#end
R2#wr
*Jun 17 04:46:19.514: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R2#wr
R2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#router eigrp 1
R2(config-router)#eigrp router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config-router)#network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
R2(config-router)#network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
R2(config-router)#network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2(config-router)#end
R2#wr
*Jun 17 04:48:56.970: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R2#wr
Building configuration...
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