基于Python和Neo4j搭建知识图谱医药问答系统
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目录
前言
一、启动Neo4j
二、安装py2neo库
三、Python连接Neo4j
四、Pycharm中搭建医药知识图谱
1、读取文件
2、建立节点
3、创建知识图谱中心疾病的节点
4、创建知识图谱实体节点类型
5、创建实体关系边
6、创建实体关联边
7、导出数据
8、运行程序
9、运行结果
五、Pycharm中实现自动问答系统
1、模型初始化
2、问答主函数
3、运行程序
4、运行结果
六、其他（问答子函数）
1、问句类型分类脚本
2、问句解析脚本
3、问答程序脚本
总结
前言
在本次实践中，我们通过Pycharm开发一个Python程序来操作Neo4j以构建知识图谱并回答医药相关问题。本案例借鉴刘焕勇老师个人项目
一、启动Neo4j
开启Neo4j的方式是什么？如需进一步了解，请查看该教程获取详细指导。
运行项目前，先清空Neo4j数据库
MATCH (n) DETACH DELETE n
二、安装py2neo库
代码学习：作为学习和理解该库的参考资料使用](https://neo4j-contrib.github.io/py2neo/matching.html#nodematcher-objects "代码学习：作为学习和理解该库的参考资料使用" )
pip install py2neo
**三、**Python连接Neo4j
链接Neo4j的地址为："bolt://localhost:7687"
在本章中最开始的部分已经更改用户名默认为neo4j，密码在本章中最开始的部分已经更改
import json
import os
from py2neo import Graph, Node
class MedicalGraph:
def __init__(self):
cur_dir = '/'.join(os.path.abspath(__file__).split('/')[:-1])
self.data_path = os.path.join(cur_dir, 'data/medical.json')
self.g = Graph("bolt://localhost:7687", auth=("neo4j", "tang2001"))请注意：在build_medicalgraph.py 和 answer_search.py这两个源文件中，位于self.g = Graph()处的连接方式均需调整为指定的代码结构。
官方指南: 通过py2neo实现Python对Neo4j的连接
官方文档: Python连接Neo4j via py2neo
四、Pycharm中搭建医药知识图谱
1、读取文件
代码如下：
def read_nodes(self):
# 共７类节点
drugs = [] # 药品
foods = [] # 食物
checks = [] # 检查
departments = [] # 科室
producers = [] # 药品大类
diseases = [] # 疾病
symptoms = [] # 症状
disease_infos = [] # 疾病信息
# 构建节点实体关系
rels_department = [] # 科室－科室关系
rels_noteat = [] # 疾病－忌吃食物关系
rels_doeat = [] # 疾病－宜吃食物关系
rels_recommandeat = [] # 疾病－推荐吃食物关系
rels_commonddrug = [] # 疾病－通用药品关系
rels_recommanddrug = [] # 疾病－热门药品关系
rels_check = [] # 疾病－检查关系
rels_drug_producer = [] # 厂商－药物关系
rels_symptom = [] # 疾病症状关系
rels_acompany = [] # 疾病并发关系
rels_category = [] # 疾病与科室之间的关系
count = 0
for data in open(self.data_path, encoding='utf8', mode='r'):
disease_dict = {}
count += 1
print(count)
data_json = json.loads(data)
disease = data_json['name']
disease_dict['name'] = disease
diseases.append(disease)
disease_dict['desc'] = ''
disease_dict['prevent'] = ''
disease_dict['cause'] = ''
disease_dict['easy_get'] = ''
disease_dict['cure_department'] = ''
disease_dict['cure_way'] = ''
disease_dict['cure_lasttime'] = ''
disease_dict['symptom'] = ''
disease_dict['cured_prob'] = ''
46. if 'symptom' in data_json:
symptoms += data_json['symptom']
for symptom in data_json['symptom']:
rels_symptom.append([disease, symptom])
if 'acompany' in data_json:
for acompany in data_json['acompany']:
rels_acompany.append([disease, acompany])
if 'desc' in data_json:
disease_dict['desc'] = data_json['desc']
if 'prevent' in data_json:
disease_dict['prevent'] = data_json['prevent']
if 'cause' in data_json:
disease_dict['cause'] = data_json['cause']
if 'get_prob' in data_json:
disease_dict['get_prob'] = data_json['get_prob']
if 'easy_get' in data_json:
disease_dict['easy_get'] = data_json['easy_get']
if 'cure_department' in data_json:
cure_department = data_json['cure_department']
if len(cure_department) == 1:
rels_category.append([disease, cure_department[0]])
if len(cure_department) == 2:
big = cure_department[0]
small = cure_department[1]
rels_department.append([small, big])
rels_category.append([disease, small])
disease_dict['cure_department'] = cure_department
departments += cure_department
if 'cure_way' in data_json:
disease_dict['cure_way'] = data_json['cure_way']
if 'cure_lasttime' in data_json:
disease_dict['cure_lasttime'] = data_json['cure_lasttime']
if 'cured_prob' in data_json:
disease_dict['cured_prob'] = data_json['cured_prob']
if 'common_drug' in data_json:
common_drug = data_json['common_drug']
for drug in common_drug:
rels_commonddrug.append([disease, drug])
drugs += common_drug
if 'recommand_drug' in data_json:
recommand_drug = data_json['recommand_drug']
drugs += recommand_drug
for drug in recommand_drug:
rels_recommanddrug.append([disease, drug])
if 'not_eat' in data_json:
not_eat = data_json['not_eat']
for _not in not_eat:
rels_noteat.append([disease, _not])
foods += not_eat
do_eat = data_json['do_eat']
for _do in do_eat:
rels_doeat.append([disease, _do])
foods += do_eat
recommand_eat = data_json['recommand_eat']
for _recommand in recommand_eat:
rels_recommandeat.append([disease, _recommand])
foods += recommand_eat
if 'check' in data_json:
check = data_json['check']
for _check in check:
rels_check.append([disease, _check])
checks += check
if 'drug_detail' in data_json:
drug_detail = data_json['drug_detail']
producer = [i.split('(')[0] for i in drug_detail]
rels_drug_producer += [[i.split('(')[0], i.split('(')[-1].replace(')', '')] for i in drug_detail]
producers += producer
disease_infos.append(disease_dict)
return set(drugs), set(foods), set(checks), set(departments), set(producers), set(symptoms), set(diseases), disease_infos, \
rels_check, rels_recommandeat, rels_noteat, rels_doeat, rels_department, rels_commonddrug, rels_drug_producer, rels_recommanddrug, \
rels_symptom, rels_acompany, rels_category2、建立节点
代码如下：
def create_node(self, label, nodes):
count = 0
for node_name in nodes:
node = Node(label, name=node_name)
self.g.create(node)
count += 1
print(count, len(nodes))
return3、创建知识图谱中心疾病的节点
代码如下：
def create_diseases_nodes(self, disease_infos):
count = 0
for disease_dict in disease_infos:
node = Node("Disease", name=disease_dict['name'], desc=disease_dict['desc'],
prevent=disease_dict['prevent'], cause=disease_dict['cause'],
easy_get=disease_dict['easy_get'], cure_lasttime=disease_dict['cure_lasttime'],
cure_department=disease_dict['cure_department']
, cure_way=disease_dict['cure_way'], cured_prob=disease_dict['cured_prob'])
self.g.create(node)
count += 1
print(count)
return4、创建知识图谱实体节点类型
代码如下：
def create_graphnodes(self):
Drugs, Foods, Checks, Departments, Producers, Symptoms, Diseases, disease_infos, rels_check, rels_recommandeat, rels_noteat, rels_doeat, rels_department, rels_commonddrug, rels_drug_producer, rels_recommanddrug, rels_symptom, rels_acompany, rels_category = self.read_nodes()
self.create_diseases_nodes(disease_infos)
self.create_node('Drug', Drugs)
print(len(Drugs))
self.create_node('Food', Foods)
print(len(Foods))
self.create_node('Check', Checks)
print(len(Checks))
self.create_node('Department', Departments)
print(len(Departments))
self.create_node('Producer', Producers)
print(len(Producers))
self.create_node('Symptom', Symptoms)
return5、创建实体关系边
代码如下：
def create_graphrels(self):
Drugs, Foods, Checks, Departments, Producers, Symptoms, Diseases, disease_infos, rels_check, rels_recommandeat, rels_noteat, rels_doeat, rels_department, rels_commonddrug, rels_drug_producer, rels_recommanddrug, rels_symptom, rels_acompany, rels_category = self.read_nodes()
self.create_relationship('Disease', 'Food', rels_recommandeat, 'recommand_eat', '推荐食谱')
self.create_relationship('Disease', 'Food', rels_noteat, 'no_eat', '忌吃')
self.create_relationship('Disease', 'Food', rels_doeat, 'do_eat', '宜吃')
self.create_relationship('Department', 'Department', rels_department, 'belongs_to', '属于')
self.create_relationship('Disease', 'Drug', rels_commonddrug, 'common_drug', '常用药品')
self.create_relationship('Producer', 'Drug', rels_drug_producer, 'drugs_of', '生产药品')
self.create_relationship('Disease', 'Drug', rels_recommanddrug, 'recommand_drug', '好评药品')
self.create_relationship('Disease', 'Check', rels_check, 'need_check', '诊断检查')
self.create_relationship('Disease', 'Symptom', rels_symptom, 'has_symptom', '症状')
self.create_relationship('Disease', 'Disease', rels_acompany, 'acompany_with', '并发症')
self.create_relationship('Disease', 'Department', rels_category, 'belongs_to', '所属科室')6、创建实体关联边
代码如下：
def create_relationship(self, start_node, end_node, edges, rel_type, rel_name):
count = 0
# 去重处理
set_edges = []
for edge in edges:
set_edges.append('###'.join(edge))
all = len(set(set_edges))
for edge in set(set_edges):
edge = edge.split('###')
p = edge[0]
q = edge[1]
query = "match(p:%s),(q:%s) where p.name='%s'and q.name='%s' create (p)-[rel:%s{name:'%s'}]->(q)" % (
start_node, end_node, p, q, rel_type, rel_name)
try:
self.g.run(query)
count += 1
print(rel_type, count, all)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
return7、导出数据
代码如下：
def export_data(self):
Drugs, Foods, Checks, Departments, Producers, Symptoms, Diseases, disease_infos, rels_check, rels_recommandeat, rels_noteat, rels_doeat, rels_department, rels_commonddrug, rels_drug_producer, rels_recommanddrug, rels_symptom, rels_acompany, rels_category = self.read_nodes()
f_drug = open('drug.txt', 'w+')
f_food = open('food.txt', 'w+')
f_check = open('check.txt', 'w+')
f_department = open('department.txt', 'w+')
f_producer = open('producer.txt', 'w+')
f_symptom = open('symptoms.txt', 'w+')
f_disease = open('disease.txt', 'w+')
f_drug.write('\n'.join(list(Drugs)))
f_food.write('\n'.join(list(Foods)))
f_check.write('\n'.join(list(Checks)))
f_department.write('\n'.join(list(Departments)))
f_producer.write('\n'.join(list(Producers)))
f_symptom.write('\n'.join(list(Symptoms)))
f_disease.write('\n'.join(list(Diseases)))
f_drug.close()
f_food.close()
f_check.close()
f_department.close()
f_producer.close()
f_symptom.close()
f_disease.close()
return8、运行程序
请查看以下步骤：按照指示操作
由于涉及大量数据导入，请注意操作时间预计为1小时左右
if __name__ == '__main__':
handler = MedicalGraph()
print("step1:导入图谱节点中")
handler.create_graphnodes()
print("step2:导入图谱边中")
handler.create_graphrels()直接运行刘老师的代码时，会出现如下错误：
UnicodeDecodeError: 'gbk' codec can't decode byte 0xaf in position 81: illegal multibyte sequence解决方法：按Ctrl+F，输入open，在第一个open函数后加入下述代码即可
for data in open(self.data_path, encoding='utf8', mode='r'):9、运行结果
五、Pycharm中实现自动问答系统
1、模型初始化
代码如下：
from answer_search import *
from question_classifier import *
from question_parser import *
class ChatBotGraph:
def __init__(self):
self.classifier = QuestionClassifier()
self.parser = QuestionPaser()
self.searcher = AnswerSearcher()2、问答主函数
代码如下：
def chat_main(self, sent):
answer = '您好，我是医药智能助理，希望可以帮到您。祝您身体棒棒！'
res_classify = self.classifier.classify(sent)
if not res_classify:
return answer
res_sql = self.parser.parser_main(res_classify)
final_answers = self.searcher.search_main(res_sql)
if not final_answers:
return answer
else:
return '\n'.join(final_answers)3、运行程序
代码如下：运行 chatbot_graph.py 文件
if __name__ == '__main__':
handler = ChatBotGraph()
while 1:
question = input('用户:')
answer = handler.chat_main(question)
print('医药智能助理:', answer)4、运行结果
六、其他（问答子函数）
1、问句类型分类脚本
代码如下：运行 question_classifier 文件
import os
import ahocorasick
class QuestionClassifier:
def __init__(self):
cur_dir = '/'.join(os.path.abspath(__file__).split('/')[:-1])
# 特征词路径
self.disease_path = os.path.join(cur_dir, 'dict/disease.txt')
self.department_path = os.path.join(cur_dir, 'dict/department.txt')
self.check_path = os.path.join(cur_dir, 'dict/check.txt')
self.drug_path = os.path.join(cur_dir, 'dict/drug.txt')
self.food_path = os.path.join(cur_dir, 'dict/food.txt')
self.producer_path = os.path.join(cur_dir, 'dict/producer.txt')
self.symptom_path = os.path.join(cur_dir, 'dict/symptom.txt')
self.deny_path = os.path.join(cur_dir, 'dict/deny.txt')
# 加载特征词
self.disease_wds= [i.strip() for i in open(self.disease_path, encoding='utf8') if i.strip()]
self.department_wds= [i.strip() for i in open(self.department_path, encoding='utf8') if i.strip()]
self.check_wds= [i.strip() for i in open(self.check_path, encoding='utf8') if i.strip()]
self.drug_wds= [i.strip() for i in open(self.drug_path, encoding='utf8') if i.strip()]
self.food_wds= [i.strip() for i in open(self.food_path, encoding='utf8') if i.strip()]
self.producer_wds= [i.strip() for i in open(self.producer_path, encoding='utf8') if i.strip()]
self.symptom_wds= [i.strip() for i in open(self.symptom_path, encoding='utf8') if i.strip()]
self.region_words = set(self.department_wds + self.disease_wds + self.check_wds + self.drug_wds + self.food_wds + self.producer_wds + self.symptom_wds)
self.deny_words = [i.strip() for i in open(self.deny_path, encoding='utf8') if i.strip()]
# 构造领域actree
self.region_tree = self.build_actree(list(self.region_words))
# 构建词典
self.wdtype_dict = self.build_wdtype_dict()
# 问句疑问词
self.symptom_qwds = ['症状', '表征', '现象', '症候', '表现']
self.cause_qwds = ['原因','成因', '为什么', '怎么会', '怎样才', '咋样才', '怎样会', '如何会', '为啥', '为何', '如何才会', '怎么才会', '会导致', '会造成']
self.acompany_qwds = ['并发症', '并发', '一起发生', '一并发生', '一起出现', '一并出现', '一同发生', '一同出现', '伴随发生', '伴随', '共现']
self.food_qwds = ['饮食', '饮用', '吃', '食', '伙食', '膳食', '喝', '菜' ,'忌口', '补品', '保健品', '食谱', '菜谱', '食用', '食物','补品']
self.drug_qwds = ['药', '药品', '用药', '胶囊', '口服液', '炎片']
self.prevent_qwds = ['预防', '防范', '抵制', '抵御', '防止','躲避','逃避','避开','免得','逃开','避开','避掉','躲开','躲掉','绕开',
'怎样才能不', '怎么才能不', '咋样才能不','咋才能不', '如何才能不',
'怎样才不', '怎么才不', '咋样才不','咋才不', '如何才不',
'怎样才可以不', '怎么才可以不', '咋样才可以不', '咋才可以不', '如何可以不',
'怎样才可不', '怎么才可不', '咋样才可不', '咋才可不', '如何可不']
self.lasttime_qwds = ['周期', '多久', '多长时间', '多少时间', '几天', '几年', '多少天', '多少小时', '几个小时', '多少年']
self.cureway_qwds = ['怎么治疗', '如何医治', '怎么医治', '怎么治', '怎么医', '如何治', '医治方式', '疗法', '咋治', '怎么办', '咋办', '咋治']
self.cureprob_qwds = ['多大概率能治好', '多大几率能治好', '治好希望大么', '几率', '几成', '比例', '可能性', '能治', '可治', '可以治', '可以医']
self.easyget_qwds = ['易感人群', '容易感染', '易发人群', '什么人', '哪些人', '感染', '染上', '得上']
self.check_qwds = ['检查', '检查项目', '查出', '检查', '测出', '试出']
self.belong_qwds = ['属于什么科', '属于', '什么科', '科室']
self.cure_qwds = ['治疗什么', '治啥', '治疗啥', '医治啥', '治愈啥', '主治啥', '主治什么', '有什么用', '有何用', '用处', '用途',
'有什么好处', '有什么益处', '有何益处', '用来', '用来做啥', '用来作甚', '需要', '要']
print('model init finished ......')
return
'''分类主函数'''
def classify(self, question):
data = {}
medical_dict = self.check_medical(question)
if not medical_dict:
return {}
data['args'] = medical_dict
#收集问句当中所涉及到的实体类型
types = []
for type_ in medical_dict.values():
types += type_
question_type = 'others'
question_types = []
# 症状
if self.check_words(self.symptom_qwds, question) and ('disease' in types):
question_type = 'disease_symptom'
question_types.append(question_type)
if self.check_words(self.symptom_qwds, question) and ('symptom' in types):
question_type = 'symptom_disease'
question_types.append(question_type)
# 原因
if self.check_words(self.cause_qwds, question) and ('disease' in types):
question_type = 'disease_cause'
question_types.append(question_type)
# 并发症
if self.check_words(self.acompany_qwds, question) and ('disease' in types):
question_type = 'disease_acompany'
question_types.append(question_type)
# 推荐食品
if self.check_words(self.food_qwds, question) and 'disease' in types:
deny_status = self.check_words(self.deny_words, question)
if deny_status:
question_type = 'disease_not_food'
else:
question_type = 'disease_do_food'
question_types.append(question_type)
#已知食物找疾病
if self.check_words(self.food_qwds+self.cure_qwds, question) and 'food' in types:
deny_status = self.check_words(self.deny_words, question)
if deny_status:
question_type = 'food_not_disease'
else:
question_type = 'food_do_disease'
question_types.append(question_type)
# 推荐药品
if self.check_words(self.drug_qwds, question) and 'disease' in types:
question_type = 'disease_drug'
question_types.append(question_type)
# 药品治啥病
if self.check_words(self.cure_qwds, question) and 'drug' in types:
question_type = 'drug_disease'
question_types.append(question_type)
# 疾病接受检查项目
if self.check_words(self.check_qwds, question) and 'disease' in types:
question_type = 'disease_check'
question_types.append(question_type)
# 已知检查项目查相应疾病
if self.check_words(self.check_qwds+self.cure_qwds, question) and 'check' in types:
question_type = 'check_disease'
question_types.append(question_type)
# 症状防御
if self.check_words(self.prevent_qwds, question) and 'disease' in types:
question_type = 'disease_prevent'
question_types.append(question_type)
# 疾病医疗周期
if self.check_words(self.lasttime_qwds, question) and 'disease' in types:
question_type = 'disease_lasttime'
question_types.append(question_type)
# 疾病治疗方式
if self.check_words(self.cureway_qwds, question) and 'disease' in types:
question_type = 'disease_cureway'
question_types.append(question_type)
# 疾病治愈可能性
if self.check_words(self.cureprob_qwds, question) and 'disease' in types:
question_type = 'disease_cureprob'
question_types.append(question_type)
# 疾病易感染人群
if self.check_words(self.easyget_qwds, question) and 'disease' in types :
question_type = 'disease_easyget'
question_types.append(question_type)
# 若没有查到相关的外部查询信息，那么则将该疾病的描述信息返回
if question_types == [] and 'disease' in types:
question_types = ['disease_desc']
# 若没有查到相关的外部查询信息，那么则将该疾病的描述信息返回
if question_types == [] and 'symptom' in types:
question_types = ['symptom_disease']
# 将多个分类结果进行合并处理，组装成一个字典
data['question_types'] = question_types
return data
'''构造词对应的类型'''
def build_wdtype_dict(self):
wd_dict = dict()
for wd in self.region_words:
wd_dict[wd] = []
if wd in self.disease_wds:
wd_dict[wd].append('disease')
if wd in self.department_wds:
wd_dict[wd].append('department')
if wd in self.check_wds:
wd_dict[wd].append('check')
if wd in self.drug_wds:
wd_dict[wd].append('drug')
if wd in self.food_wds:
wd_dict[wd].append('food')
if wd in self.symptom_wds:
wd_dict[wd].append('symptom')
if wd in self.producer_wds:
wd_dict[wd].append('producer')
return wd_dict
'''构造actree，加速过滤'''
def build_actree(self, wordlist):
actree = ahocorasick.Automaton()
for index, word in enumerate(wordlist):
actree.add_word(word, (index, word))
actree.make_automaton()
return actree
'''问句过滤'''
def check_medical(self, question):
region_wds = []
for i in self.region_tree.iter(question):
wd = i[1][1]
region_wds.append(wd)
stop_wds = []
for wd1 in region_wds:
for wd2 in region_wds:
if wd1 in wd2 and wd1 != wd2:
stop_wds.append(wd1)
final_wds = [i for i in region_wds if i not in stop_wds]
final_dict = {i:self.wdtype_dict.get(i) for i in final_wds}
return final_dict
'''基于特征词进行分类'''
def check_words(self, wds, sent):
for wd in wds:
if wd in sent:
return True
return False
if __name__ == '__main__':
handler = QuestionClassifier()
while 1:
question = input('input an question:')
data = handler.classify(question)
print(data)2、问句解析脚本
代码如下：运行 question_parser.py 文件
class QuestionPaser:
'''构建实体节点'''
def build_entitydict(self, args):
entity_dict = {}
for arg, types in args.items():
for type in types:
if type not in entity_dict:
entity_dict[type] = [arg]
else:
entity_dict[type].append(arg)
return entity_dict
'''解析主函数'''
def parser_main(self, res_classify):
args = res_classify['args']
entity_dict = self.build_entitydict(args)
question_types = res_classify['question_types']
sqls = []
for question_type in question_types:
sql_ = {}
sql_['question_type'] = question_type
sql = []
if question_type == 'disease_symptom':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('disease'))
elif question_type == 'symptom_disease':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('symptom'))
elif question_type == 'disease_cause':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('disease'))
elif question_type == 'disease_acompany':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('disease'))
elif question_type == 'disease_not_food':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('disease'))
elif question_type == 'disease_do_food':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('disease'))
elif question_type == 'food_not_disease':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('food'))
elif question_type == 'food_do_disease':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('food'))
elif question_type == 'disease_drug':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('disease'))
elif question_type == 'drug_disease':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('drug'))
elif question_type == 'disease_check':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('disease'))
elif question_type == 'check_disease':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('check'))
elif question_type == 'disease_prevent':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('disease'))
elif question_type == 'disease_lasttime':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('disease'))
elif question_type == 'disease_cureway':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('disease'))
elif question_type == 'disease_cureprob':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('disease'))
elif question_type == 'disease_easyget':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('disease'))
elif question_type == 'disease_desc':
sql = self.sql_transfer(question_type, entity_dict.get('disease'))
if sql:
sql_['sql'] = sql
sqls.append(sql_)
return sqls
'''针对不同的问题，分开进行处理'''
def sql_transfer(self, question_type, entities):
if not entities:
return []
# 查询语句
sql = []
# 查询疾病的原因
if question_type == 'disease_cause':
sql = ["MATCH (m:Disease) where m.name = '{0}' return m.name, m.cause".format(i) for i in entities]
# 查询疾病的防御措施
elif question_type == 'disease_prevent':
sql = ["MATCH (m:Disease) where m.name = '{0}' return m.name, m.prevent".format(i) for i in entities]
# 查询疾病的持续时间
elif question_type == 'disease_lasttime':
sql = ["MATCH (m:Disease) where m.name = '{0}' return m.name, m.cure_lasttime".format(i) for i in entities]
# 查询疾病的治愈概率
elif question_type == 'disease_cureprob':
sql = ["MATCH (m:Disease) where m.name = '{0}' return m.name, m.cured_prob".format(i) for i in entities]
# 查询疾病的治疗方式
elif question_type == 'disease_cureway':
sql = ["MATCH (m:Disease) where m.name = '{0}' return m.name, m.cure_way".format(i) for i in entities]
# 查询疾病的易发人群
elif question_type == 'disease_easyget':
sql = ["MATCH (m:Disease) where m.name = '{0}' return m.name, m.easy_get".format(i) for i in entities]
# 查询疾病的相关介绍
elif question_type == 'disease_desc':
sql = ["MATCH (m:Disease) where m.name = '{0}' return m.name, m.desc".format(i) for i in entities]
# 查询疾病有哪些症状
elif question_type == 'disease_symptom':
sql = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:has_symptom]->(n:Symptom) where m.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
# 查询症状会导致哪些疾病
elif question_type == 'symptom_disease':
sql = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:has_symptom]->(n:Symptom) where n.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
# 查询疾病的并发症
elif question_type == 'disease_acompany':
sql1 = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:acompany_with]->(n:Disease) where m.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
sql2 = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:acompany_with]->(n:Disease) where n.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
sql = sql1 + sql2
# 查询疾病的忌口
elif question_type == 'disease_not_food':
sql = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:no_eat]->(n:Food) where m.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
# 查询疾病建议吃的东西
elif question_type == 'disease_do_food':
sql1 = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:do_eat]->(n:Food) where m.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
sql2 = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:recommand_eat]->(n:Food) where m.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
sql = sql1 + sql2
# 已知忌口查疾病
elif question_type == 'food_not_disease':
sql = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:no_eat]->(n:Food) where n.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
# 已知推荐查疾病
elif question_type == 'food_do_disease':
sql1 = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:do_eat]->(n:Food) where n.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
sql2 = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:recommand_eat]->(n:Food) where n.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
sql = sql1 + sql2
# 查询疾病常用药品－药品别名记得扩充
elif question_type == 'disease_drug':
sql1 = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:common_drug]->(n:Drug) where m.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
sql2 = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:recommand_drug]->(n:Drug) where m.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
sql = sql1 + sql2
# 已知药品查询能够治疗的疾病
elif question_type == 'drug_disease':
sql1 = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:common_drug]->(n:Drug) where n.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
sql2 = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:recommand_drug]->(n:Drug) where n.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
sql = sql1 + sql2
# 查询疾病应该进行的检查
elif question_type == 'disease_check':
sql = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:need_check]->(n:Check) where m.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
# 已知检查查询疾病
elif question_type == 'check_disease':
sql = ["MATCH (m:Disease)-[r:need_check]->(n:Check) where n.name = '{0}' return m.name, r.name, n.name".format(i) for i in entities]
return sql
if __name__ == '__main__':
handler = QuestionPaser()3、问答程序脚本
代码如下：运行 answer_search.py 文件
from py2neo import Graph
class AnswerSearcher:
def __init__(self):
self.g = Graph("bolt://localhost:7687", auth=("neo4j", "tang2001"))
self.num_limit = 20
'''执行cypher查询，并返回相应结果'''
def search_main(self, sqls):
final_answers = []
for sql_ in sqls:
question_type = sql_['question_type']
queries = sql_['sql']
answers = []
for query in queries:
ress = self.g.run(query).data()
answers += ress
final_answer = self.answer_prettify(question_type, answers)
if final_answer:
final_answers.append(final_answer)
return final_answers
'''根据对应的qustion_type，调用相应的回复模板'''
def answer_prettify(self, question_type, answers):
final_answer = []
if not answers:
return ''
if question_type == 'disease_symptom':
desc = [i['n.name'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['m.name']
final_answer = '{0}的症状包括：{1}'.format(subject, '；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]))
elif question_type == 'symptom_disease':
desc = [i['m.name'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['n.name']
final_answer = '症状{0}可能染上的疾病有：{1}'.format(subject, '；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]))
elif question_type == 'disease_cause':
desc = [i['m.cause'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['m.name']
final_answer = '{0}可能的成因有：{1}'.format(subject, '；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]))
elif question_type == 'disease_prevent':
desc = [i['m.prevent'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['m.name']
final_answer = '{0}的预防措施包括：{1}'.format(subject, '；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]))
elif question_type == 'disease_lasttime':
desc = [i['m.cure_lasttime'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['m.name']
final_answer = '{0}治疗可能持续的周期为：{1}'.format(subject, '；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]))
elif question_type == 'disease_cureway':
desc = [';'.join(i['m.cure_way']) for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['m.name']
final_answer = '{0}可以尝试如下治疗：{1}'.format(subject, '；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]))
elif question_type == 'disease_cureprob':
desc = [i['m.cured_prob'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['m.name']
final_answer = '{0}治愈的概率为（仅供参考）：{1}'.format(subject, '；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]))
elif question_type == 'disease_easyget':
desc = [i['m.easy_get'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['m.name']
final_answer = '{0}的易感人群包括：{1}'.format(subject, '；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]))
elif question_type == 'disease_desc':
desc = [i['m.desc'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['m.name']
final_answer = '{0},熟悉一下：{1}'.format(subject, '；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]))
elif question_type == 'disease_acompany':
desc1 = [i['n.name'] for i in answers]
desc2 = [i['m.name'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['m.name']
desc = [i for i in desc1 + desc2 if i != subject]
final_answer = '{0}的症状包括：{1}'.format(subject, '；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]))
elif question_type == 'disease_not_food':
desc = [i['n.name'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['m.name']
final_answer = '{0}忌食的食物包括有：{1}'.format(subject, '；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]))
elif question_type == 'disease_do_food':
do_desc = [i['n.name'] for i in answers if i['r.name'] == '宜吃']
recommand_desc = [i['n.name'] for i in answers if i['r.name'] == '推荐食谱']
subject = answers[0]['m.name']
final_answer = '{0}宜食的食物包括有：{1}\n推荐食谱包括有：{2}'.format(subject, ';'.join(list(set(do_desc))[:self.num_limit]), ';'.join(list(set(recommand_desc))[:self.num_limit]))
elif question_type == 'food_not_disease':
desc = [i['m.name'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['n.name']
final_answer = '患有{0}的人最好不要吃{1}'.format('；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]), subject)
elif question_type == 'food_do_disease':
desc = [i['m.name'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['n.name']
final_answer = '患有{0}的人建议多试试{1}'.format('；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]), subject)
elif question_type == 'disease_drug':
desc = [i['n.name'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['m.name']
final_answer = '{0}通常的使用的药品包括：{1}'.format(subject, '；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]))
elif question_type == 'drug_disease':
desc = [i['m.name'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['n.name']
final_answer = '{0}主治的疾病有{1},可以试试'.format(subject, '；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]))
elif question_type == 'disease_check':
desc = [i['n.name'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['m.name']
final_answer = '{0}通常可以通过以下方式检查出来：{1}'.format(subject, '；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]))
elif question_type == 'check_disease':
desc = [i['m.name'] for i in answers]
subject = answers[0]['n.name']
final_answer = '通常可以通过{0}检查出来的疾病有{1}'.format(subject, '；'.join(list(set(desc))[:self.num_limit]))
return final_answer
if __name__ == '__main__':
searcher = AnswerSearcher()总结
在医药领域聚焦于垂直医疗健康信息平台，并以疾病系统作为核心构建一套完整的知识图谱。
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