数据结构课程设计：航班订票系统的设计与实现
发布时间
阅读量：
阅读量
摘要：
该航班订票系统主要功能包括录入信息、查询信息、订购机票、退订机票、修改信息和订单查询。系统采用结构化数据存储，使用C语言实现，结合链表和结构体组织数据。系统功能模块清晰，界面友好，用户可通过菜单方式选择功能。系统设计遵循“需求收集-设计-编码-测试-确认”原则，确保功能完整性和用户体验。参考文献包括《数据结构》和《数据结构（C语言版）》，为系统设计提供了理论支持。
目录
1 系统功能及要求
2 系统功能框架
3 详细设计
3.1 录入航班信息模块
3.2 客户订票模块
3.3 客户退票模块
3.4 航班查询模块
3.5 订单查询模块
3.6 航班修改模块
参考文献
1 系统功能及要求
录入相关信息。该系统支持录入航班相关信息，并将其存储在一个数据文件中。同时，支持录入客户资料，包括姓名、证件号、订票数量及航班信息，每个订单都有唯一编号。
（2）查询信息。首先，用户可以查询某条航线的详细信息：输入航班号后，系统会显示航班的起飞和降落时间、起飞和抵达的城市、舱位信息以及票价折扣情况，同时还会告知该航班是否已满载；此外，用户还可以根据起飞或抵达的城市，查询相关航班的机位信息。其次，用户可以查询订单情况：通过输入订单号、客户姓名或证件号等信息，可以采用多种途径检索到相应的订单记录。
预订机票服务。支持订票操作，订票信息可查询至系统数据库中（若航班信息或无票可用，可推荐相应备选航班）。
（4）退订机票。可退票并且退票后修改相关数据文件。
可支持对航班信息进行增删改操作，当航班信息发生变更时，系统会自动更新相关航班数据文件。
2 系统功能框架
系统功能主要包含六大功能模块，具体来说，包括查询航班、查询订单以及修改航班信息，每个功能又细分为三个小模块。
3 详细设计
3.1 录入航班信息模块
typedef struct flightnode{
char flight_num[10];
char start_time[10];
char end_time[10];
char start_place[20];
char end_place[20]
int left;
float price;
float price_discount;
int isFull;
struct flightnode *next;
}flightnode;
void init_flight(flightnode*&h)
{
h=(flightnode *)malloc(sizeof(flightnode));
if(h==NULL) exit(0);
h->next=NULL;
}
void save_flight(flightnode*h)
{
FILE*fp=fopen("flightList.dat","wb");
if(fp==NULL)
return;
flightnode*temp=h->next;
while(temp!=NULL)
{
fwrite(temp,sizeof(flightnode),1,fp);
temp=temp->next;
};
fclose(fp);
}
void load_flight(flightnode*&h)
{
flightnode *pt=h;
FILE*fp=fopen("flightList.dat","rb");
if(fp==NULL)
return;
flightnode *q;
int n;
while(!feof(fp))
{
q=(flightnode *)malloc(sizeof(flightnode));
n=fread(q,sizeof(flightnode),1,fp);
if(n!=1)
break;
pt->next=q;
pt=q;
}
pt->next=NULL;
fclose(fp);
}
Void insert_flight(flightnode*&h,char*flight_num,char*start_place,
char*end_place,char*start_time,char*end_time,int left,float price,
float price_discount,int isFull)
{
flightnode *q;
flightnode *p=h;
q=(flightnode *)malloc(sizeof(flightnode));
strcpy(q->flight_num,flight_num);
strcpy(q->start_place,start_place);
strcpy(q->end_place,end_place);
strcpy(q->start_time,start_time);
strcpy(q->end_time,end_time);
q->left=left;
q->price=price;
q->price_discount=price_discount;
q->isFull=isFull;
q->next=p->next;
p->next=q;
p=p->next;
}
void add_flight(flightnode*&h)
{
flightnode *p=h;
char
flight_num[10],start_time[10],end_time[10],start_place[20],end_place[
20];
int left,isFull,mark=1;
float price,price_discount;
for(;p->next!=NULL;p=p->next){}
while(mark==1)
{
printf("\t\t 请输入你要增加的航班号:");
scanf("%s",flight_num);
printf("\t\t 请输入出发地:");
scanf("%s",start_place);
printf("\t\t 请输入目的地:");
scanf("%s",end_place);
printf("\t\t 请输入起飞时间:");
scanf("%s",start_time);
printf("\t\t 请输入抵达时间:");
scanf("%s",end_time);
printf("\t\t 请输入票价:");
scanf("%f",&price);
printf("\t\t 请输入折扣:");
scanf("%f",&price_discount);
printf("\t\t 请输入剩余座位数:");
scanf("%d",&left);
printf("\t\t 请输入是否满仓(0 表示没有满仓 1 已满仓):");
scanf("%d",&isFull);
insert_flight(p,flight_num,start_place,end_place,start_time,e
nd_time,left,price,price_discount,isFull);
printf("\t\t 增加航班成功!\n",flight_num);
printf("\t\t 是否继续录入航班信息(1 表示继续录入；0 表示停止录
入).\n");
printf("\t\t 请输入:");
scanf("%d",&mark);
}
}实现界面：
3.2 客户订票模块
typedef struct passengernode{
char name[20];
char ID_num[20];
char flight_num[10];
int order_num;
int ticket_num;
struct passengernode *next;
}passengernode;
typedef struct passengerList
{
passengernode *head;
passengernode *rear;
}passengerList;
void init_passengerList(passengerList*&pList)
{
pList=(passengerList *)malloc(sizeof(passengerList));
pList->head=(passengernode *)malloc(sizeof(passengernode));
pList->rear=pList->head;
pList->rear->order_num=0;
pList->head->next=NULL;
}
void save_passenger(passengerList*PList)
{
FILE*fp=fopen("passenger.dat","wb");
if(fp==NULL)
return;
passengernode *temp=PList->head->next;
while(temp!=NULL)
{
fwrite(temp,sizeof(passengernode),1,fp);
temp=temp->next;
};
fclose(fp);
}
void load_passenger(passengerList*PList)
{
FILE*fp=fopen("passenger.dat","rb");
if(fp==NULL)
return;
passengernode *q;
int n;
while(!feof(fp))
{
q=(passengernode *)malloc(sizeof(passengernode));
n=fread(q,sizeof(passengernode),1,fp);
if(n!=1)
break;
PList->rear->next=q;
PList->rear=q;
}
PList->rear->next=NULL;
fclose(fp);
}
Void insert_passengerList(flightnode*&h,passengerList*&PList,char
*name,char*ID_num,char*flight_num,int ticket_num)
{
flightnode *p=h->next;
for(;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
if(strcmp(p->flight_num,flight_num)==0)
{
p->left=p->left-ticket_num;
if(p->left==0)
p->isFull=1;
}
passengernode*q=(passengernode*)malloc(sizeof(passengernode));
strcpy(q->name,name);
strcpy(q->ID_num,ID_num);
strcpy(q->flight_num,flight_num);
q->ticket_num=ticket_num;
q->next=NULL;
PList->rear->next=q;
q->order_num=PList->rear->order_num+1;
PList->rear=q;
}
char name[20];
char ID_num[20];
char flight_num[10];
char start_place[20];
char end_place[20];
int ticket_num;
int k;
flightnode*p=h->next;
printf("\t\t 请输入信息:\n");
printf("\t\t 请输入起飞城市:");
scanf("%s",start_place);
printf("\t\t 请输入抵达城市:");
scanf("%s",end_place);
if(place_check(h,start_place,end_place)==1)
{
printf("\t\t 航班号:");
scanf("%s",flight_num);
while(flight_num==NULL){
printf("航班号不能为空!\n");
printf("\t\t 航班号:");
scanf("%s",flight_num);
}
while(p!=NULL){
if(strcmp(p->flight_num,flight_num)==0)
{
printf("\t\t 姓名:");
scanf("%s",name);
printf("\t\t 证件号码:");
scanf("%s",ID_num);
printf("\t\t 订票数量:");
scanf("%d",&ticket_num);
while(name==NULL){
printf("客户姓名不能为空!\n");
printf("\t\t 姓名:");
scanf("%s",name);
}
while(ID_num==NULL){
printf("客户证件号码不能为空!\n");
printf("\t\t 证件号码:");
scanf("%s",ID_num);
}
while(ticket_num==0){
printf("客户订票数量不能为空!\n");
printf("\ t 订票数量:");
scanf("%d",&ticket_num);
}
if(p->left>0&&p->left>=ticket_num)
{
insert_passengerList(h,PList,name,ID_num,flight_num,ticket_num);
printf("\t\t 你应付金额￥6.2f.\n",p->price*p->price
_discount*ticket_num);
getch();
printf("\t\t 恭喜您,订票成功!\n");
return 1;
}实现界面：
3.3 客户退票模块
void cancel(passengerList*&PList,flightnode*&h)
{
char name[20],ID_num[20];
printf("\t\t 请输入你的姓名:");
scanf("%s",name);
printf("\t\t 请输入你的证件号:");
scanf("%s",ID_num);
delete_passenger(PList,h,name,ID_num);
}
int
delete_passenger(passengerList*&PList,flightnode*&h,char*name,char*ID
_num)
{
passengernode *p,*pr=PList->head;
p=pr->next;
while(p!=NULL)
{
if(strcmp(name,p->name)==0&&strcmp(ID_num,p->ID_num)==0)
{
for(flightnode *f=h->next;f!=NULL;f=f->next)
if(strcmp(p->flight_num,f->flight_num)==0)
{
f->left=f->left+p->ticket_num;
f->isFull=0;
break;
}
pr->next=p->next;
free(p);
printf("\t\t 顾客%s,%s 退票成功!\n",name,ID_num);
return 1;
}
pr=pr->next;p=pr->next;
}
printf("\t\t 无此顾客,无法退票!\n");
return 0;
}实现界面：
3.4 航班查询模块
int flight_num_check(flightnode*h,char*flight_num)
{
flightnode*p=h;
printf("%-8s%-12s%-12s%-10s%-10s%-8s%-6s%-10s%-8s\n","航班号","起飞城市","抵达城市","起飞时间","抵达时间","价格","折扣","是否满仓","空座数");
for(;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
{
if(strcmp(p->flight_num,flight_num)==0)
{ printf("%-8s%-12s%-12s%-10s%-10s%-8.2f%-6.2f%-10d%-8d\n",p->flight_num,p->start_place,p->end_place,p->start_time,p->end_time,p->price,p->price_discount,p->isFull,p->left);
return 1;
}
}
printf("\t\t 抱歉,没有航班号为a%s的航班信息!\n",flight_num);
return 0;
}
int place_check(flightnode *h,char *start_place,char*end_place)
{
flightnode *p=h;
int mark=0;
printf("%-8s%-12s%-12s%-10s%-10s%-8s%-6s%-10s%-8s\n","航班号","起飞城市","抵达城市","起飞时间","抵达时间","价格","折扣","是否满仓","空座数");
for(;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
{
if(strcmp(p->start_place,start_place)==0&&strcmp(p->end_place,end_place)==0){ printf("%-8s%-12s%-12s%-10s%-10s%-8.2f%-6.2f%-10d%-8d\n",p->flight_num,p->start_place,p->end_place,p->start_time,p->end_time,p->price,p->price_discount,p->isFull,p->left);
mark=1;
}
}
if(mark==0)
{
printf("\t\t 抱歉，没有从s到%s的航班信息!\n",start_place,end_place);
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
void check_all_flight(flightnode*h)
{
flightnode*p=h;
int m=0;
printf("%-8s%-12s%-12s%-10s%-10s%-8s%-6s%-10s%-8s\n","航班号","起飞城市","抵达城市","起飞时间","抵达时间","价格","折扣","是否满仓","空座数");
for(;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
{
printf("%-8s%-12s%-12s%-10s%-10s%-8.2f%-6.2f%-10d%-8d\n",p->flight_num,p->start_place,p->end_place,p->start_time,p->end_time,p->price,p->price_discount,p->isFull,p->left);
m=1;
}
if(m==0)
printf("\t\t 航班信息为空!\n");
}
void flight_check(flightnode *h)
{
flightnode *p=h->next;
char flight_num[10],start_place[20],end_place[20];
char a;
printf("\t\t 请选择航班查询方式:\n");
printf("\t\t1 表示按航班号进行查询;\n");
printf("\t\t2 表示按起飞抵达城市进行查询;\n");
printf("\t\t3 表示浏览全部航班信息.\n\t\t 请选择输入:");
a=getch();
printf("%c\n",a);
if(a=='1')
{
printf("\t\t 请输入航班号:");
scanf("%s",flight_num);
flight_num_check(p,flight_num);
}
else if(a=='2'){
printf("\t\t 请输入起飞城市:");
scanf("%s",start_place);
printf("\t\t 请输入抵达城市:");
scanf("%s",end_place);
place_check(p,start_place,end_place);}
else if(a=='3')
check_all_flight(p);
else
return;}实现界面：
3.5 订单查询模块
int ID_name_check(passengerList*PList,char*name,char*ID_num)
{
passengernode*p=PList->head->next;
int mark=0;
printf("%-8s%-20s%-20s%-10s%-8s\n","订单号","姓名","证件号","航班号","订票数量");
for(;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
{
if(strcmp(p->ID_num,ID_num)==0&&strcmp(p->name,name)==0)
{ printf("%-8d%-20s%-20s%-10s%-8d%\n",p->order_num,p->name,p->ID_num,p->flight_num,p->ticket_num);
mark=1;
}
}
if(mark==0)
{
printf("\t\t 抱歉,没有%s,%s 的订单信息!\n",name,ID_num);
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
int order_num_check(passengerList*PList,int order_num)
{
passengernode*p=PList->head->next;
printf("%-8s%-20s%-20s%-10s%-8s%\n","订单号","姓名","证件号","航班号","订票数量");
for(;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
{
if(p->order_num==order_num)
{ printf("%-8d%-20s%-20s%-10s%-8d%\n",p->order_num,p->name,p->ID_num,p->flight_num,p->ticket_num);
return 1;
}
}
printf("\t\t抱歉,没有订单号为a%d的订单信息!\n",order_num);
return 0;
}
void check_all_passenger(passengerList *PList)
{
passengernode*p=PList->head->next;
int m=0;
printf("%-8s%-20s%-20s%-10s%-8s%\n","订单号","姓名","证件号","航班号","订票数量");
for(;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
{
printf("%-8d%-20s%-20s%-10s%-8d%\n",p->order_num,p->name,p->ID_num, p->flight_num,p->ticket_num);
m=1;
}
if(m==0)
printf("\t\t 订单信息为空!\n");
}
void passenger_check(passengerList*PList)
{
char name[20],ID_num[15];
int order_num;
char a;
printf("\t\t 请选择订单查询方式:\n");
printf("\t\t1 表示按客户姓名和证件号进行查询;\n");
printf("\t\t2 表示按订单号进行查询;\n");
printf("\t\t3 表示查看全部订单信息.\n\t\t 请选择输入:");
a=getch();
printf("%c\n",a);
if(a=='1')
{
printf("\t\t 请输入客户姓名:");
scanf("%s",name);
printf("\t\t 请输入证件号:");
scanf("%s",ID_num);
ID_name_check(PList,name,ID_num);
}
else if(a=='2'){
printf("\t\t 请输入订单号:");
scanf("%d",&order_num);
order_num_check(PList,order_num);}
else if(a=='3')
check_all_passenger(PList);
else
return;
}实现界面：
3.6 航班修改模块
void modify_flight(flightnode *&h,passengerList *&PList)
{
flightnode*p=h->next;
char flight_num[10],start_time[10],end_time[10];
char a;
printf("\t\t************航线信息修改*************\n");
printf("\t\t*************************************\n");
printf("\t\t 增加航班------1 *\n");
printf("\t\t 删除航班------2 *\n");
printf("\t\t 修改航班时间---3 *\n");
printf("\t\t**************************\n");
printf("\t\t 请选择:");
a=getch();
printf("%c\n",a);
if(a=='1')
add_flight(h);
else if(a=='2')
delete_flight(h,PList);
else if(a=='3')
{
printf("\t\t 请输入要修改的航班的班号:");
scanf("%s",flight_num);
if(flight_num_check(p,flight_num)==1)
{
printf("\t\t 请输入修改后的起飞时间:");
scanf("%s",start_time);
printf("\t\t 请输入修改后的抵达时间:");
scanf("%s",end_time);
for(;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
if(strcmp(flight_num,p->flight_num)==0)
{
strcpy(p->start_time,start_time);
strcpy(p->end_time,end_time);
printf("\t\t 航班时间修改成功!\n",flight_num);
}
}
}
else
return;
}
void delete_flight(flightnode*&h,passengerList*&PList)
{
flightnode*p,*pr;
passengernode*q,*qr;
char flight_num[10];
int mark=1;
qr=PList->head;
q=qr->next;
pr=h;
p=pr->next;
printf("\t\t 请输入你要删除的航班号:");
scanf("%s",flight_num);
while(p!=NULL)
{
if(strcmp(flight_num,p->flight_num)==0)
{
pr->next=p->next;
free(p);
printf("\t\t 删除y%s 航班成功!\n",flight_num);
mark=0;
p=NULL;
}
if(pr->next!=NULL)
{
pr=pr->next;
p=pr->next;
}
}
if(mark==1)
printf("\t\t 无此航班无法删除!\n");
else
{
while(q!=NULL)
{
if(strcmp(flight_num,q->flight_num)==0)
{
qr->next=q->next;
free(q);
q=NULL;
}
if(qr->next!=NULL)
{
qr=qr->next;
q=qr->next;
}
}
}
}实现界面：
参考文献
李云清、杨庆红著. 数据结构（C语言版）. 北京，人民邮电出版社，2004
[2]严蔚敏,吴伟民.数据结构（C语言版）.北京：清华大学出版.1997.
项目资源：获取“航班订票系统的设计与实现源码”请访问：
全部评论 (0)
还没有任何评论哟~