科技英语 名词

1、名词短语可用作为定语
（1）作前置定语（表达的科技性专业性强）
These microwaves（微波）are emitted（发射）in pulses（脉冲）of less than one millionth of a second duration（持续时间）at a rate of 1,000 per second .
Aerospace（航空）Applications of Artificial Intelligence （人工智能）Annual Conference（年会）
（2）作后置定语★：主要表示尺寸、大小、数值等
Wires one hundredth the diameter（直径）of a silk thread（丝线）are used to connect the components（元件）in the chip（芯片）.
The nucleus has a diameter only 0.01% (of) that of the atom itself .
Oxygen（氧）has a mass about 16 times the mass of a hydrogen atom .
In six years we will have a computer the size of a watch.

the size of → as large as

the height of → as high as

the length of → as long as

he depth of → as deep as

1）表示数量、距离、时间等
In this case, most of the channels（信道）will be idle（空闲着的）most of the time .
The whole mass（质量）is concentrated at one point a distance k from the center of rotation In a time △t, each particle（质点）advances（前进）a distance v△t . It is not physically（物理上）possible to have a function（函数）(either voltage or current) change a specified amount in zero time .
2）表示方式或方面状语（修饰某些动词或形容词，本身不带冠词）
① 作方式状语
Trunk calls（长途电话）were operator connected . ( = connected by operators)
We can radio control this device . (= control this device by radio)
It is necessary to heat treat these tools before they are used .
B-52s carpet（地毯）bombed（轰炸）the enemy’s positions（敌人阵地）yesterday .
② 作方面状语
This solution（解法）is time efficient . This material is acid（酸）resistant The antenna requirements are application dependent .
We must amplitude（振幅）modulate（调制）the carrier（载波）.

We should amplitude（振幅）modulate（调制）the carrier（载波）。3、名词短语作其前面整个句子（或一部分）的同位语。
（1）句型Aa/an + 形容词 + 名词（有时 + 介词短语）① “这是 …… 的一种[个] ～”② “这种[一] ～ 是 ……的” A magnet（磁铁）attracts iron material, a familiar phenomenon.
Each series (串联) resistance causes power loss, a significant drawback (缺点) in high-power circuits.
（2）句型BOne noun phrase with a/an [or something] + 后置定语+过去分词短语★形容词短语定语从句★

同位语从句意思： “这一[种] ～ → ”

AC can be changed into DC, a process referred to as rectification（整流）.In every atom in its normal state, the number of protons（质子）equals the number of electrons, something [ = a fact] which is directly related to the electrical properties of the proton and the electron .
The careful study of spectral（谱的）lines shows that many of them actually consist of two or more separate（分开的）lines that are close together, something that the Bohr theory cannot account for（解释）.
4、 在某些情况下，主语的同位语可放在主语前（为了加强语气和句子平衡） A new technology introduced in the 1960’s, laser can pierce the hardest substance such as diamond . An instrument for measuring electric resistance, the ohmmeter is widely used in electrical engineering .
An Ivy League university（长青藤名牌大学）located in Philadelphia（费城），Penn（宾大）was founded by Benjamin Franklin and has been a pioneer（先驱）in education and research for more than two hundred years . 山东师范大学是省重点大学之一，它创建于1902年。
One of the provincial key universities, Shandong Normal University was founded in 1902 .
54所是信息产业部重点研究所之一，它创建于二十世纪五十年代初期。 One of the key research institutes of the Ministry of Information Industry , the No. 54 Research InstitutThe absence（不存在）of atmosphere（大气）in space will allow the space telescope（望远镜）to show scientists light sources as far as 14-billion light years away, some seven times farther out than those visible to the biggest ground-based optical（光学的）telescopes.
e was founded in the early 1950’s .

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