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深度学习camp-第J3-1周:DenseNet算法 实现乳腺癌识别

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我的环境

  • 语言环境:Python 3.12
  • 编译器:Jupyter Lab
  • 深度学习环境:Pytorch 2.4.1 Torchvision 0.19.1
  • 数据集:乳腺癌数据集

一、前期准备

今天我们使用前面的DenseNet实现对乳腺癌的识别

1、设置GPU以及库导入

复制代码
    import torch
    import torch.nn as nn
    import torch.nn.functional as F
    import torchvision
    from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
    from torchvision import datasets, transforms
    import torchvision.transforms as transforms
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    import numpy as np
    import os, PIL, pathlib
    from collections import OrderedDict
    import torchsummary as summary
    
    device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
    device
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-19/9d26W3UxD7bNhrKvZmHO5Sj1fuRl.png)

代码输出:

复制代码
    device(type='cuda')
    
    
    python
    
    

2、数据的导入以及预处理

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    data_dir = './data/J3-1-data'
    data_dir = pathlib.Path(data_dir)
    
    data_path = list(data_dir.glob('*'))
    classNames = [path.name for path in data_path]
    print(classNames)
    
    
    python
    
    

代码输出:

复制代码
    ['0', '1']
    
    
    python
    
    

可以看到,我们这次的数据只有两类,0代表不是乳腺癌,1代表是乳腺癌

接下来我们设置transforms:

复制代码
    train_transforms = transforms.Compose([
    transforms.Resize([224, 224]),
    transforms.ToTensor(),
    transforms.Normalize([0.485, 0.456, 0.406], [0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
    ])
    
    total_data = datasets.ImageFolder(data_dir, transform=train_transforms)
    total_data
    
    
    python
    
    

代码输出:

复制代码
    Dataset ImageFolder
    Number of datapoints: 13403
    Root location: data\J3-1-data
    StandardTransform
    Transform: Compose(
               Resize(size=[224, 224], interpolation=bilinear, max_size=None, antialias=True)
               ToTensor()
               Normalize(mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406], std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
           )
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-19/fAn1bXhCa2IWPutxgOViqjpz9kZH.png)

总共有13403张图片,我们都使用transform对数据进行前期的标准化处理。

随后我们划分训练集,测试集以及验证集:

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    train_size = int(0.7 * len(total_data)) 
    remain_size  = len(total_data) - train_size  
    train_dataset, remain_dataset = torch.utils.data.random_split(total_data, [train_size, remain_size])
    test_size = int(0.6 * len(remain_dataset))
    validate_size = len(remain_dataset) - test_size
    test_dataset, validate_dataset = torch.utils.data.random_split(remain_dataset, [test_size, validate_size]) #随机分配数据
    train_dataset, test_dataset, validate_dataset
    
    
    python
    
    

代码输出:

复制代码
    (<torch.utils.data.dataset.Subset at 0x22815024c20>,
     <torch.utils.data.dataset.Subset at 0x2281501d5e0>,
     <torch.utils.data.dataset.Subset at 0x22815024710>)
    
    
    python
    
    

这里显示的是内存地址。

接下来使用dataloader对数据集进行加载:

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    batch_size = 32
    
    train_dl = DataLoader(
    train_dataset, 
    batch_size=batch_size,
    shuffle=True)
    
    test_dl = DataLoader(
    test_dataset,
    batch_size = batch_size,
    shuffle = True
    )
    
    validate_dl = DataLoader(
    validate_dataset,
    batch_size = batch_size,
    shuffle = False
    )
    
    for x, y in validate_dl:
    print("shape of x [N, C, H, W]:", x.shape)
    print("shape of y:", y.shape, y.dtype)
    break
    
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-19/DaWXUvcI2z8B10OMonqSp9P4CymQ.png)

代码输出:

复制代码
    shape of x [N, C, H, W]: torch.Size([32, 3, 224, 224])
    shape of y: torch.Size([32]) torch.int64
    
    
    python
    
    

3、数据的可视化

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    # 定义反归一化函数
    def unnormalize(img, mean, std):
    mean = np.array(mean)
    std = np.array(std)
    img = img * std + mean  # 反归一化
    return np.clip(img, 0, 1)  # 限制值范围到 [0, 1]
    
    plt.figure(figsize=(10, 5))
    mean = [0.485, 0.456, 0.406]
    std = [0.229, 0.224, 0.225]
    
    for images, labels in validate_dl:  # 从 DataLoader 中获取一个批次
    for i in range(8):  # 显示前 8 张图片
        ax = plt.subplot(2, 4, i + 1)  # 创建 2 行 4 列的子图
        
        # 反归一化并转换为 (H, W, C)
        img = images[i].permute(1, 2, 0).numpy()  # (C, H, W) -> (H, W, C)
        img = unnormalize(img, mean, std)  # 反归一化
        
        # 显示图像
        plt.imshow(img)  # 显示图像,值范围应为 [0, 1]
        plt.title(classNames[labels[i].item()])  # 使用类别名称作为标题
        plt.axis("off")  # 关闭坐标轴
    break  # 仅显示第一个批次
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-19/gyM0baUIeHGX1vo9AFNkm4TE6SVq.png)

代码输出:
在这里插入图片描述

二、DenseNet网络构建

我们使用上周构建的DenseNet121:

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    class _DenseLayer(nn.Sequential):
    def __init__(self,num_input_features, growth_rate, bn_size, drop_rate):
        super(_DenseLayer,self).__init__()
        self.add_module('norm1',nn.BatchNorm2d(num_input_features))
        self.add_module('relu1',nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
        self.add_module('conv1',nn.Conv2d(num_input_features, bn_size*growth_rate, kernel_size=1, stride=1,bias = False))
        self.add_module('norm2',nn.BatchNorm2d(bn_size*growth_rate))
        self.add_module('relu2',nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
        self.add_module('conv2',nn.Conv2d(bn_size*growth_rate, growth_rate, kernel_size=3, stride=1,padding=1, bias = False))
        self.drop_rate = drop_rate
        
    def forward(self,x):
        new_features = super(_DenseLayer, self).forward(x)
        if self.drop_rate > 0:
            new_features = F.dropout(new_features, p=self.drop_rate, training=self.training)
            
        return torch.cat([x, new_features],1)
    
    class _DenseBlock(nn.Sequential):
    def __init__(self, num_layers, num_input_features, bn_size, growth_rate, drop_rate):
        super(_DenseBlock,self).__init__()
        for i in range(num_layers):
            layer = _DenseLayer(num_input_features+i*growth_rate, growth_rate, bn_size, drop_rate)
            self.add_module('denselayer%d'%(i+1,),layer)
    
    class _Transition(nn.Sequential):
    def __init__(self, num_input_features, num_output_features):
        super(_Transition,self).__init__()
        self.add_module('norm',nn.BatchNorm2d(num_input_features))
        self.add_module('relu',nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
        self.add_module('conv',nn.Conv2d(num_input_features, num_output_features, kernel_size=1,stride=1, bias=False))
        self.add_module('pool',nn.AvgPool2d(2, stride=2))
    
    class DenseNet(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, growth_rate = 32, block_config =(6, 12, 24, 16), num_init_features=64, bn_size = 4, compression_rate = 0.5, drop_rate = 0, num_classes = 1000):
        
        super(DenseNet, self).__init__()
        self.features = nn.Sequential(OrderedDict([
            ('conv0', nn.Conv2d(3, num_init_features, kernel_size=7, stride=2, padding=3, bias=False)),
            ('norm0', nn.BatchNorm2d(num_init_features)),
            ('relu0', nn.ReLU(inplace=True)),
            ('pool0', nn.MaxPool2d(3, stride=2, padding=1))
        ]))
        
        num_features = num_init_features
        for i, num_layers in enumerate(block_config):
            block = _DenseBlock(num_layers, num_features, bn_size, growth_rate, drop_rate)
            self.features.add_module('denseblock%d' % (i + 1), block)
            num_features += num_layers * growth_rate
            if i != len(block_config) - 1:
                transition = _Transition(num_features, int(num_features * compression_rate))
                self.features.add_module('transition%d' % (i + 1), transition)
                num_features = int(num_features * compression_rate)
                
        self.features.add_module('norm5', nn.BatchNorm2d(num_features))
        self.features.add_module('relu5', nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
        
        self.classifier = nn.Linear(num_features, num_classes)
        
        for m in self.modules():
            if isinstance(m, nn.Conv2d):
                nn.init.kaiming_normal_(m.weight)
            elif isinstance(m, nn.BatchNorm2d):
                nn.init.constant_(m.bias, 0)
                nn.init.constant_(m.weight,1)
            elif isinstance(m, nn.Linear):
                nn.init.constant_(m.bias,0)
        
    
    def forward(self, x):
        features = self.features(x)
        out = F.avg_pool2d(features, kernel_size=7).view(features.size(0), -1)
        out = self.classifier(out)
        return out
    
    densenet121 = DenseNet(num_init_features=64,
                       growth_rate=32,
                       block_config=(6, 12, 24, 6),
                       num_classes=len(classNames))
    
    model = densenet121.cuda()
    model
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-19/Jn3sMpL7ghSYjy4KBr02IqAGbUaZ.png)

代码输出:

复制代码
    DenseNet(
      (features): Sequential(
    (conv0): Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=(7, 7), stride=(2, 2), padding=(3, 3), bias=False)
    (norm0): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
    (relu0): ReLU(inplace=True)
    (pool0): MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1, dilation=1, ceil_mode=False)
    (denseblock1): _DenseBlock(
      (denselayer1): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(64, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer2): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(96, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(96, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer3): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer4): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(160, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(160, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer5): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(192, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(192, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer6): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(224, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(224, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
    )
    (transition1): _Transition(
      (norm): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (relu): ReLU(inplace=True)
      (conv): Conv2d(256, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (pool): AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2, padding=0)
    )
    (denseblock2): _DenseBlock(
      (denselayer1): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer2): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(160, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(160, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer3): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(192, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(192, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer4): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(224, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(224, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer5): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(256, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer6): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(288, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(288, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer7): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(320, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(320, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer8): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(352, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(352, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer9): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(384, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(384, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer10): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(416, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(416, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer11): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(448, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(448, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer12): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(480, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(480, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
    )
    (transition2): _Transition(
      (norm): BatchNorm2d(512, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (relu): ReLU(inplace=True)
      (conv): Conv2d(512, 256, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (pool): AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2, padding=0)
    )
    (denseblock3): _DenseBlock(
      (denselayer1): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(256, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer2): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(288, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(288, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer3): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(320, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(320, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer4): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(352, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(352, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer5): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(384, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(384, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer6): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(416, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(416, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer7): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(448, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(448, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer8): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(480, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(480, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer9): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(512, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(512, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer10): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(544, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(544, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer11): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(576, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(576, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer12): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(608, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(608, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer13): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(640, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(640, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer14): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(672, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(672, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer15): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(704, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(704, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer16): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(736, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(736, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer17): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(768, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(768, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer18): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(800, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(800, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer19): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(832, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(832, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer20): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(864, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(864, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer21): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(896, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(896, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer22): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(928, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(928, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer23): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(960, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(960, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer24): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(992, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(992, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
    )
    (transition3): _Transition(
      (norm): BatchNorm2d(1024, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      (relu): ReLU(inplace=True)
      (conv): Conv2d(1024, 512, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
      (pool): AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2, padding=0)
    )
    (denseblock4): _DenseBlock(
      (denselayer1): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(512, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(512, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer2): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(544, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(544, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer3): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(576, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(576, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer4): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(608, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(608, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer5): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(640, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(640, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
      (denselayer6): _DenseLayer(
        (norm1): BatchNorm2d(672, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu1): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv1): Conv2d(672, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (norm2): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (relu2): ReLU(inplace=True)
        (conv2): Conv2d(128, 32, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
      )
    )
    (norm5): BatchNorm2d(704, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
    (relu5): ReLU(inplace=True)
      )
      (classifier): Linear(in_features=704, out_features=2, bias=True)
    )
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-19/n5um3I8W0fqhkcodzGeT6PsgFApE.png)

我们对模型进行总结:

复制代码
    summary.summary(model, (3, 224, 224))
    
    
    python
    
    

代码输出:

复制代码
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
        Layer (type)               Output Shape         Param #
    ================================================================
            Conv2d-1         [-1, 64, 112, 112]           9,408
       BatchNorm2d-2         [-1, 64, 112, 112]             128
              ReLU-3         [-1, 64, 112, 112]               0
         MaxPool2d-4           [-1, 64, 56, 56]               0
       BatchNorm2d-5           [-1, 64, 56, 56]             128
              ReLU-6           [-1, 64, 56, 56]               0
            Conv2d-7          [-1, 128, 56, 56]           8,192
       BatchNorm2d-8          [-1, 128, 56, 56]             256
              ReLU-9          [-1, 128, 56, 56]               0
           Conv2d-10           [-1, 32, 56, 56]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-11           [-1, 96, 56, 56]             192
             ReLU-12           [-1, 96, 56, 56]               0
           Conv2d-13          [-1, 128, 56, 56]          12,288
      BatchNorm2d-14          [-1, 128, 56, 56]             256
             ReLU-15          [-1, 128, 56, 56]               0
           Conv2d-16           [-1, 32, 56, 56]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-17          [-1, 128, 56, 56]             256
             ReLU-18          [-1, 128, 56, 56]               0
           Conv2d-19          [-1, 128, 56, 56]          16,384
      BatchNorm2d-20          [-1, 128, 56, 56]             256
             ReLU-21          [-1, 128, 56, 56]               0
           Conv2d-22           [-1, 32, 56, 56]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-23          [-1, 160, 56, 56]             320
             ReLU-24          [-1, 160, 56, 56]               0
           Conv2d-25          [-1, 128, 56, 56]          20,480
      BatchNorm2d-26          [-1, 128, 56, 56]             256
             ReLU-27          [-1, 128, 56, 56]               0
           Conv2d-28           [-1, 32, 56, 56]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-29          [-1, 192, 56, 56]             384
             ReLU-30          [-1, 192, 56, 56]               0
           Conv2d-31          [-1, 128, 56, 56]          24,576
      BatchNorm2d-32          [-1, 128, 56, 56]             256
             ReLU-33          [-1, 128, 56, 56]               0
           Conv2d-34           [-1, 32, 56, 56]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-35          [-1, 224, 56, 56]             448
             ReLU-36          [-1, 224, 56, 56]               0
           Conv2d-37          [-1, 128, 56, 56]          28,672
      BatchNorm2d-38          [-1, 128, 56, 56]             256
             ReLU-39          [-1, 128, 56, 56]               0
           Conv2d-40           [-1, 32, 56, 56]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-41          [-1, 256, 56, 56]             512
             ReLU-42          [-1, 256, 56, 56]               0
           Conv2d-43          [-1, 128, 56, 56]          32,768
        AvgPool2d-44          [-1, 128, 28, 28]               0
      BatchNorm2d-45          [-1, 128, 28, 28]             256
             ReLU-46          [-1, 128, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-47          [-1, 128, 28, 28]          16,384
      BatchNorm2d-48          [-1, 128, 28, 28]             256
             ReLU-49          [-1, 128, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-50           [-1, 32, 28, 28]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-51          [-1, 160, 28, 28]             320
             ReLU-52          [-1, 160, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-53          [-1, 128, 28, 28]          20,480
      BatchNorm2d-54          [-1, 128, 28, 28]             256
             ReLU-55          [-1, 128, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-56           [-1, 32, 28, 28]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-57          [-1, 192, 28, 28]             384
             ReLU-58          [-1, 192, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-59          [-1, 128, 28, 28]          24,576
      BatchNorm2d-60          [-1, 128, 28, 28]             256
             ReLU-61          [-1, 128, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-62           [-1, 32, 28, 28]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-63          [-1, 224, 28, 28]             448
             ReLU-64          [-1, 224, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-65          [-1, 128, 28, 28]          28,672
      BatchNorm2d-66          [-1, 128, 28, 28]             256
             ReLU-67          [-1, 128, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-68           [-1, 32, 28, 28]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-69          [-1, 256, 28, 28]             512
             ReLU-70          [-1, 256, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-71          [-1, 128, 28, 28]          32,768
      BatchNorm2d-72          [-1, 128, 28, 28]             256
             ReLU-73          [-1, 128, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-74           [-1, 32, 28, 28]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-75          [-1, 288, 28, 28]             576
             ReLU-76          [-1, 288, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-77          [-1, 128, 28, 28]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-78          [-1, 128, 28, 28]             256
             ReLU-79          [-1, 128, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-80           [-1, 32, 28, 28]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-81          [-1, 320, 28, 28]             640
             ReLU-82          [-1, 320, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-83          [-1, 128, 28, 28]          40,960
      BatchNorm2d-84          [-1, 128, 28, 28]             256
             ReLU-85          [-1, 128, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-86           [-1, 32, 28, 28]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-87          [-1, 352, 28, 28]             704
             ReLU-88          [-1, 352, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-89          [-1, 128, 28, 28]          45,056
      BatchNorm2d-90          [-1, 128, 28, 28]             256
             ReLU-91          [-1, 128, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-92           [-1, 32, 28, 28]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-93          [-1, 384, 28, 28]             768
             ReLU-94          [-1, 384, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-95          [-1, 128, 28, 28]          49,152
      BatchNorm2d-96          [-1, 128, 28, 28]             256
             ReLU-97          [-1, 128, 28, 28]               0
           Conv2d-98           [-1, 32, 28, 28]          36,864
      BatchNorm2d-99          [-1, 416, 28, 28]             832
            ReLU-100          [-1, 416, 28, 28]               0
          Conv2d-101          [-1, 128, 28, 28]          53,248
     BatchNorm2d-102          [-1, 128, 28, 28]             256
            ReLU-103          [-1, 128, 28, 28]               0
          Conv2d-104           [-1, 32, 28, 28]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-105          [-1, 448, 28, 28]             896
            ReLU-106          [-1, 448, 28, 28]               0
          Conv2d-107          [-1, 128, 28, 28]          57,344
     BatchNorm2d-108          [-1, 128, 28, 28]             256
            ReLU-109          [-1, 128, 28, 28]               0
          Conv2d-110           [-1, 32, 28, 28]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-111          [-1, 480, 28, 28]             960
            ReLU-112          [-1, 480, 28, 28]               0
          Conv2d-113          [-1, 128, 28, 28]          61,440
     BatchNorm2d-114          [-1, 128, 28, 28]             256
            ReLU-115          [-1, 128, 28, 28]               0
          Conv2d-116           [-1, 32, 28, 28]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-117          [-1, 512, 28, 28]           1,024
            ReLU-118          [-1, 512, 28, 28]               0
          Conv2d-119          [-1, 256, 28, 28]         131,072
       AvgPool2d-120          [-1, 256, 14, 14]               0
     BatchNorm2d-121          [-1, 256, 14, 14]             512
            ReLU-122          [-1, 256, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-123          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          32,768
     BatchNorm2d-124          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-125          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-126           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-127          [-1, 288, 14, 14]             576
            ReLU-128          [-1, 288, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-129          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-130          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-131          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-132           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-133          [-1, 320, 14, 14]             640
            ReLU-134          [-1, 320, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-135          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          40,960
     BatchNorm2d-136          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-137          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-138           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-139          [-1, 352, 14, 14]             704
            ReLU-140          [-1, 352, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-141          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          45,056
     BatchNorm2d-142          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-143          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-144           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-145          [-1, 384, 14, 14]             768
            ReLU-146          [-1, 384, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-147          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          49,152
     BatchNorm2d-148          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-149          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-150           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-151          [-1, 416, 14, 14]             832
            ReLU-152          [-1, 416, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-153          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          53,248
     BatchNorm2d-154          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-155          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-156           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-157          [-1, 448, 14, 14]             896
            ReLU-158          [-1, 448, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-159          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          57,344
     BatchNorm2d-160          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-161          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-162           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-163          [-1, 480, 14, 14]             960
            ReLU-164          [-1, 480, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-165          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          61,440
     BatchNorm2d-166          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-167          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-168           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-169          [-1, 512, 14, 14]           1,024
            ReLU-170          [-1, 512, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-171          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          65,536
     BatchNorm2d-172          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-173          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-174           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-175          [-1, 544, 14, 14]           1,088
            ReLU-176          [-1, 544, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-177          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          69,632
     BatchNorm2d-178          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-179          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-180           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-181          [-1, 576, 14, 14]           1,152
            ReLU-182          [-1, 576, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-183          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          73,728
     BatchNorm2d-184          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-185          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-186           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-187          [-1, 608, 14, 14]           1,216
            ReLU-188          [-1, 608, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-189          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          77,824
     BatchNorm2d-190          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-191          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-192           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-193          [-1, 640, 14, 14]           1,280
            ReLU-194          [-1, 640, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-195          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          81,920
     BatchNorm2d-196          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-197          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-198           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-199          [-1, 672, 14, 14]           1,344
            ReLU-200          [-1, 672, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-201          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          86,016
     BatchNorm2d-202          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-203          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-204           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-205          [-1, 704, 14, 14]           1,408
            ReLU-206          [-1, 704, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-207          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          90,112
     BatchNorm2d-208          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-209          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-210           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-211          [-1, 736, 14, 14]           1,472
            ReLU-212          [-1, 736, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-213          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          94,208
     BatchNorm2d-214          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-215          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-216           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-217          [-1, 768, 14, 14]           1,536
            ReLU-218          [-1, 768, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-219          [-1, 128, 14, 14]          98,304
     BatchNorm2d-220          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-221          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-222           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-223          [-1, 800, 14, 14]           1,600
            ReLU-224          [-1, 800, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-225          [-1, 128, 14, 14]         102,400
     BatchNorm2d-226          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-227          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-228           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-229          [-1, 832, 14, 14]           1,664
            ReLU-230          [-1, 832, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-231          [-1, 128, 14, 14]         106,496
     BatchNorm2d-232          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-233          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-234           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-235          [-1, 864, 14, 14]           1,728
            ReLU-236          [-1, 864, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-237          [-1, 128, 14, 14]         110,592
     BatchNorm2d-238          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-239          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-240           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-241          [-1, 896, 14, 14]           1,792
            ReLU-242          [-1, 896, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-243          [-1, 128, 14, 14]         114,688
     BatchNorm2d-244          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-245          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-246           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-247          [-1, 928, 14, 14]           1,856
            ReLU-248          [-1, 928, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-249          [-1, 128, 14, 14]         118,784
     BatchNorm2d-250          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-251          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-252           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-253          [-1, 960, 14, 14]           1,920
            ReLU-254          [-1, 960, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-255          [-1, 128, 14, 14]         122,880
     BatchNorm2d-256          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-257          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-258           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-259          [-1, 992, 14, 14]           1,984
            ReLU-260          [-1, 992, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-261          [-1, 128, 14, 14]         126,976
     BatchNorm2d-262          [-1, 128, 14, 14]             256
            ReLU-263          [-1, 128, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-264           [-1, 32, 14, 14]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-265         [-1, 1024, 14, 14]           2,048
            ReLU-266         [-1, 1024, 14, 14]               0
          Conv2d-267          [-1, 512, 14, 14]         524,288
       AvgPool2d-268            [-1, 512, 7, 7]               0
     BatchNorm2d-269            [-1, 512, 7, 7]           1,024
            ReLU-270            [-1, 512, 7, 7]               0
          Conv2d-271            [-1, 128, 7, 7]          65,536
     BatchNorm2d-272            [-1, 128, 7, 7]             256
            ReLU-273            [-1, 128, 7, 7]               0
          Conv2d-274             [-1, 32, 7, 7]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-275            [-1, 544, 7, 7]           1,088
            ReLU-276            [-1, 544, 7, 7]               0
          Conv2d-277            [-1, 128, 7, 7]          69,632
     BatchNorm2d-278            [-1, 128, 7, 7]             256
            ReLU-279            [-1, 128, 7, 7]               0
          Conv2d-280             [-1, 32, 7, 7]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-281            [-1, 576, 7, 7]           1,152
            ReLU-282            [-1, 576, 7, 7]               0
          Conv2d-283            [-1, 128, 7, 7]          73,728
     BatchNorm2d-284            [-1, 128, 7, 7]             256
            ReLU-285            [-1, 128, 7, 7]               0
          Conv2d-286             [-1, 32, 7, 7]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-287            [-1, 608, 7, 7]           1,216
            ReLU-288            [-1, 608, 7, 7]               0
          Conv2d-289            [-1, 128, 7, 7]          77,824
     BatchNorm2d-290            [-1, 128, 7, 7]             256
            ReLU-291            [-1, 128, 7, 7]               0
          Conv2d-292             [-1, 32, 7, 7]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-293            [-1, 640, 7, 7]           1,280
            ReLU-294            [-1, 640, 7, 7]               0
          Conv2d-295            [-1, 128, 7, 7]          81,920
     BatchNorm2d-296            [-1, 128, 7, 7]             256
            ReLU-297            [-1, 128, 7, 7]               0
          Conv2d-298             [-1, 32, 7, 7]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-299            [-1, 672, 7, 7]           1,344
            ReLU-300            [-1, 672, 7, 7]               0
          Conv2d-301            [-1, 128, 7, 7]          86,016
     BatchNorm2d-302            [-1, 128, 7, 7]             256
            ReLU-303            [-1, 128, 7, 7]               0
          Conv2d-304             [-1, 32, 7, 7]          36,864
     BatchNorm2d-305            [-1, 704, 7, 7]           1,408
            ReLU-306            [-1, 704, 7, 7]               0
          Linear-307                    [-1, 2]           1,410
    ================================================================
    Total params: 5,481,026
    Trainable params: 5,481,026
    Non-trainable params: 0
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    Input size (MB): 0.57
    Forward/backward pass size (MB): 286.44
    Params size (MB): 20.91
    Estimated Total Size (MB): 307.92
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-19/XEhkiU29JaHVO1CZKrWGvlmIxp6t.png)

三、模型训练

复制代码
    def train(dataloader, model, loss_fn, optimizer):
    size = len(dataloader.dataset)
    num_batches = len(dataloader)
    
    train_loss, train_acc = 0, 0
    
    for x, y in dataloader:
        x, y = x.to(device), y.to(device)
    
        pred = model(x)
        loss = loss_fn(pred, y)
    
        #backward
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()
    
        train_acc += (pred.argmax(1) == y).type(torch.float).sum().item()
        train_loss += loss.item()
    
    train_acc /= size
    train_loss /= num_batches
    
    return train_acc, train_loss
    
    def test(dataloader, model, loss_fn):
    size = len(dataloader.dataset)
    num_batches = len(dataloader)
    
    test_loss, test_acc = 0, 0
    
    for x, y in dataloader:
        x, y = x.to(device), y.to(device)
    
        pred = model(x)
        loss = loss_fn(pred, y)
    
        test_acc += (pred.argmax(1) == y).type(torch.float).sum().item()
        test_loss += loss.item()
    
    test_acc /= size
    test_loss /= num_batches
    
    return test_acc, test_loss
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-19/FS2ZAmuNsKPeQCMihd4BoJ3V8fqR.png)
复制代码
    import copy
    from torch.optim.lr_scheduler import ReduceLROnPlateau
    
    opt = torch.optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr= 1e-4)
    scheduler = ReduceLROnPlateau(opt, mode='min', factor=0.1, patience=5, verbose=True) # 当指标(如损失)连续 5 次没有改善时,将学习率乘以 0.1
    loss_fn = nn.CrossEntropyLoss() # 交叉熵
    
    epochs = 32
    
    train_loss = []
    train_acc  = []
    test_loss  = []
    test_acc   = []
    
    best_acc = 0    # 设置一个最佳准确率,作为最佳模型的判别指标
    
    for epoch in range(epochs):
    model.train()
    epoch_train_acc, epoch_train_loss = train(train_dl, model, loss_fn, opt)
    
    model.eval()
    epoch_test_acc, epoch_test_loss = test(test_dl, model, loss_fn)
    scheduler.step(epoch_test_loss)
    
    if epoch_test_acc > best_acc:
        best_acc = epoch_test_acc
        best_model = copy.deepcopy(model)
    
    train_acc.append(epoch_train_acc)
    train_loss.append(epoch_train_loss)
    test_acc.append(epoch_test_acc)
    test_loss.append(epoch_test_loss)
    
     # 获取当前的学习率
    lr = opt.state_dict()['param_groups'][0]['lr']
    
    template = ('Epoch:{:2d}, Train_acc:{:.1f}%, Train_loss:{:.3f}, Test_acc:{:.1f}%, Test_loss:{:.3f}, Lr:{:.2E}')
    print(template.format(epoch+1, epoch_train_acc*100, epoch_train_loss, 
                          epoch_test_acc*100, epoch_test_loss, lr))
    
    # 保存最佳模型到文件中
    PATH = './best_model.pth'  # 保存的参数文件名
    torch.save(best_model.state_dict(), PATH)
    
    print('Done')
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-19/aGBfwlHmNg8F9KAzc3pLhsxQISki.png)

代码输出:

复制代码
    Epoch: 1, Train_acc:84.8%, Train_loss:0.353, Test_acc:88.2%, Test_loss:0.290, Lr:1.00E-04
    Epoch: 2, Train_acc:88.1%, Train_loss:0.287, Test_acc:89.8%, Test_loss:0.259, Lr:1.00E-04
    Epoch: 3, Train_acc:89.0%, Train_loss:0.269, Test_acc:89.3%, Test_loss:0.278, Lr:1.00E-04
    Epoch: 4, Train_acc:90.2%, Train_loss:0.240, Test_acc:90.8%, Test_loss:0.223, Lr:1.00E-04
    Epoch: 5, Train_acc:90.5%, Train_loss:0.235, Test_acc:89.1%, Test_loss:0.266, Lr:1.00E-04
    Epoch: 6, Train_acc:91.4%, Train_loss:0.218, Test_acc:90.9%, Test_loss:0.226, Lr:1.00E-04
    Epoch: 7, Train_acc:91.9%, Train_loss:0.204, Test_acc:91.6%, Test_loss:0.229, Lr:1.00E-04
    Epoch: 8, Train_acc:92.5%, Train_loss:0.191, Test_acc:91.2%, Test_loss:0.240, Lr:1.00E-04
    Epoch: 9, Train_acc:92.2%, Train_loss:0.189, Test_acc:90.7%, Test_loss:0.227, Lr:1.00E-04
    Epoch:10, Train_acc:93.0%, Train_loss:0.176, Test_acc:90.3%, Test_loss:0.244, Lr:1.00E-05
    Epoch:11, Train_acc:95.3%, Train_loss:0.126, Test_acc:93.6%, Test_loss:0.178, Lr:1.00E-05
    Epoch:12, Train_acc:95.9%, Train_loss:0.113, Test_acc:93.5%, Test_loss:0.170, Lr:1.00E-05
    Epoch:13, Train_acc:96.3%, Train_loss:0.100, Test_acc:93.7%, Test_loss:0.179, Lr:1.00E-05
    Epoch:14, Train_acc:96.6%, Train_loss:0.093, Test_acc:93.7%, Test_loss:0.176, Lr:1.00E-05
    Epoch:15, Train_acc:97.1%, Train_loss:0.085, Test_acc:93.0%, Test_loss:0.185, Lr:1.00E-05
    Epoch:16, Train_acc:96.9%, Train_loss:0.082, Test_acc:93.3%, Test_loss:0.182, Lr:1.00E-05
    Epoch:17, Train_acc:97.5%, Train_loss:0.069, Test_acc:92.9%, Test_loss:0.184, Lr:1.00E-05
    Epoch:18, Train_acc:97.6%, Train_loss:0.068, Test_acc:93.2%, Test_loss:0.195, Lr:1.00E-06
    Epoch:19, Train_acc:98.3%, Train_loss:0.054, Test_acc:93.2%, Test_loss:0.187, Lr:1.00E-06
    Epoch:20, Train_acc:98.3%, Train_loss:0.058, Test_acc:93.7%, Test_loss:0.186, Lr:1.00E-06
    Epoch:21, Train_acc:98.3%, Train_loss:0.053, Test_acc:93.3%, Test_loss:0.185, Lr:1.00E-06
    Epoch:22, Train_acc:98.2%, Train_loss:0.056, Test_acc:93.5%, Test_loss:0.187, Lr:1.00E-06
    Epoch:23, Train_acc:98.5%, Train_loss:0.051, Test_acc:93.4%, Test_loss:0.191, Lr:1.00E-06
    Epoch:24, Train_acc:98.5%, Train_loss:0.051, Test_acc:93.1%, Test_loss:0.184, Lr:1.00E-07
    Epoch:25, Train_acc:98.3%, Train_loss:0.052, Test_acc:93.5%, Test_loss:0.184, Lr:1.00E-07
    Epoch:26, Train_acc:98.5%, Train_loss:0.051, Test_acc:93.4%, Test_loss:0.186, Lr:1.00E-07
    Epoch:27, Train_acc:98.1%, Train_loss:0.057, Test_acc:93.4%, Test_loss:0.187, Lr:1.00E-07
    Epoch:28, Train_acc:98.2%, Train_loss:0.052, Test_acc:93.4%, Test_loss:0.191, Lr:1.00E-07
    Epoch:29, Train_acc:98.4%, Train_loss:0.052, Test_acc:93.6%, Test_loss:0.188, Lr:1.00E-07
    Epoch:30, Train_acc:98.3%, Train_loss:0.054, Test_acc:93.7%, Test_loss:0.184, Lr:1.00E-08
    Epoch:31, Train_acc:98.4%, Train_loss:0.050, Test_acc:93.4%, Test_loss:0.184, Lr:1.00E-08
    Epoch:32, Train_acc:98.5%, Train_loss:0.052, Test_acc:93.3%, Test_loss:0.184, Lr:1.00E-08
    Done
    
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-19/jMuKW1yzchpDAwGbRB3ZEFdNJxe6.png)

四、数据可视化

复制代码
    epochs_range = range(epochs)
    
    plt.figure(figsize=(12, 3))
    plt.subplot(1, 2, 1)
    
    plt.plot(epochs_range, train_acc, label='Training Accuracy')
    plt.plot(epochs_range, test_acc, label='Test Accuracy')
    plt.legend(loc='lower right')
    plt.title('Training and Validation Accuracy')
    
    plt.subplot(1, 2, 2)
    plt.plot(epochs_range, train_loss, label='Training Loss')
    plt.plot(epochs_range, test_loss, label='Test Loss')
    plt.legend(loc='upper right')
    plt.title('Training and Validation Loss')
    plt.show()
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-19/QDatVsvlkgj9moC5JXS2y3NqpRO7.png)

代码输出:
在这里插入图片描述
可以看到测试集的准确率可以达到93%左右

五、数据的预测

我们使用模型对代码进行测试:

复制代码
    plt.figure(figsize=(10, 5))  
    
    # 遍历验证数据集,取第一个批次
    for images, labels in validate_dl:
    for i in range(8):  # 只显示前 8 张图片
        ax = plt.subplot(2, 4, i + 1)
    
        # 显示图片
        img = images[i].permute(1, 2, 0).numpy()  # 转换为 (H, W, C)
        img = unnormalize(img, mean, std)  # 反归一化
        plt.imshow(img)  # 显示图像,值范围为 [0, 1]
    
        # 增加一个维度用于模型预测
        img_tensor = images[i].unsqueeze(0).to("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
    
        # 使用模型预测类别
        best_model.eval()  # 切换到评估模式
        with torch.no_grad():  # 禁用梯度计算
            predictions = best_model(img_tensor)  # 预测结果
            predicted_class_index = predictions.argmax(dim=1).item()  # 获取预测类别索引
            predicted_class = classNames[predicted_class_index]  # 获取预测类别名称
    
        # 获取真实类别名称
        true_class = classNames[labels[i].item()]
    
        # 设置标题为真实类别和预测类别
        plt.title(f"T: {true_class}\nP: {predicted_class}")
        plt.axis("off")  # 隐藏坐标轴
    
        # 打印真实类别和预测类别
        print(f"Image {i+1}: True Label = {true_class}, Predicted Label = {predicted_class}")
    
    break  # 只处理第一个批次
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-19/56dnlAIV4MNDoBaWQ0xLXmC2HiqR.png)

代码输出:

复制代码
    Image 1: True Label = 0, Predicted Label = 1
    Image 2: True Label = 0, Predicted Label = 0
    Image 3: True Label = 1, Predicted Label = 1
    Image 4: True Label = 0, Predicted Label = 0
    Image 5: True Label = 0, Predicted Label = 0
    Image 6: True Label = 1, Predicted Label = 1
    Image 7: True Label = 0, Predicted Label = 0
    Image 8: True Label = 0, Predicted Label = 0
    
    
    python
    
    

在这里插入图片描述
最后我们查看验证集的总体正确率:

复制代码
    def validate(dataloader, model):
    model.eval()
    size = len(dataloader.dataset)
    num_batches = len(dataloader)
    
    validate_acc = 0
    
    for x, y in dataloader:
        x, y = x.to(device), y.to(device)
    
        pred = model(x)
    
        validate_acc += (pred.argmax(1) == y).type(torch.float).sum().item()
    
    validate_acc /= size
    
    return validate_acc
    
    
    # 计算验证集准确率
    validate_acc = validate(validate_dl, best_model)
    print(f"Validation Accuracy: {validate_acc:.2%}")
    
    
    python
    
    
![](https://ad.itadn.com/c/weblog/blog-img/images/2025-08-19/2GSvzfJap0uiEqAn7rQlKxL89I5H.png)

代码输出:

复制代码
    Validation Accuracy: 93.23%
    
    
    python
    
    

准确率达到93.23%总体不错

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