【期刊】【交通运输研究C部分:新兴技术】【Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies】

Aims and scope 目标和范围

The emphasis lies on excellence in scholarly research addressing development、applications、and far-reaching consequences within the realm of transportation systems and emerging technologies. While individual technologies per se are outside our scope、our focus remains on their significant impact across all stages including planning、design、operation、control、maintenance and rehabilitation of transportation systems、services and components. To underscore this distinction、the intellectual focus lies on transportation rather than technology. We particularly encourage contributions that integrate advanced quantitative approaches from fields including operations research、control systems、complex networks、computer science and artificial intelligence to address pressing challenges in this evolving domain

Particularly noteworthy is the impact of emerging technologies on transportation system performance across various metrics such as monitoring efficiency safety reliability resource consumption and environmental impact. The journal welcomes submissions in the following categories: multimodal and intermodal transport on-demand transport intelligent transportation systems traffic and demand management real-time operations connected and autonomous vehicles logistics railways resource and infrastructure management aviation pedestrian and soft transport modes.

Particular focus is placed on open science efforts, particularly encouraging access to large-scale datasets within TR_C publications to support the applicability of different approaches. The recognition of emerging data potentials, arising from modern transportation systems integrated with advanced technologies, can catalyze advancements by enhancing our understanding of congestion mechanisms. Additionally, these developments aid efficient mobility management by contributing to sustainable solutions.

Guide for authors 作者指南

Your Paper Your Way
您的论文以您的方式

We now distinguish between new submissions and revised versions by specifying their requirements. You can submit your manuscript as a single Word or PDF file for use during peer review. However, when your paper reaches the revision stage, it will be requested to conform to an accepted format before acceptance and provide all necessary items for publication of your article.

Contributions 类别
Research Paper 研究论文
研究论文旨在报告交通研究 - 部分 C 的最新研究成果。评估研究论文的标准包括手稿的可读性、科学论据的相关性和清晰度、创新水平以及报告研究成果的潜在实用性。研究论文应以引言（包括所报告研究的动机、背景和目标）开始，并以结论部分结束以总结主要发现，并（如适用）未来步骤。

Overview Article 概述文章
The evaluation criteria for submissions to Transportation Research - Part C consist of two primary aspects: (1) The papers must comprehensively integrate field-specific knowledge to systematically identify the current advancements in their respective fields and suggest potential areas for future study; (2) The authors must demonstrate an established expertise and a proven track record of excellence within their research domain.

Submission checklist 提交清单

您可以在投稿前使用此清单完成最终检查，请您查阅本作者指南中的相关部分以获取更多详细信息。请确保以下各项均已完成：确实存在以下项目

One author has been appointed as the Point of Contact (POC):
一名作者已被任命为联系人（POC）：
• E-mail:
• 邮政地址:

所有必要的文件均已上传：

Further considerations 其他注意事项
• 稿件已经过‘拼写校验’和‘语法校验’
• 参考文献列表中提到的所有参考文献均在正文中引用，并且反之亦然
• 已获得使用来自其他来源（包括互联网）受版权保护材料的许可
• 即使作者没有要声明的竞争利益，也要提供竞争利益声明
• 本指南中详述的期刊政策已经过审查
• 根据期刊要求提供了审稿人的推荐意见及相关联系方式

For further information, please refer to our Support Center.
如需了解更多信息，请参考我们的支持中心网站。

Before you begin 准备工作
Ethics in publishing 出版伦理

Please review our resources related to publishing ethics.
请查看我们有关出版道德的资源。
Declaration of interest - 利益申报

每位作者都应披露与其其他人及组织之间可能存在不恰当影响的任何财务和个人关系。潜在竞争利益的例子包括但不限于：就业机会、咨询工作、股票持有、 honoraria 以及其他形式的利益安排如有偿专家 testimony、专利申请/注册以及资助或资金支持等。每位作者都应在以下两个方面披露相关利益：1. 在摘要页文件（双匿名制）或手稿文件（单匿名制）中提交一份简明的利益声明摘要；如果没有相关利益，请注明：“利益声明：无”。2. 在一份单独的利益声明表格中提供详细信息（该表格作为期刊官方记录的一部分）。为了保证透明度与完整性，请确保上述两个方面的内容相互吻合并信息准确无误。更多信息请参阅本刊相关规定

The below guidance relates solely to the writing process without incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) tools for data analysis or research purposes.

Authors are required to disclose in their manuscripts the application of AI technologies and AI-assisted tools during the writing process, as outlined below. A disclosure statement will be included in the published work. It is important to note that authors bear full responsibility and accountability for the content within their works.

Disclosure instructions 披露说明
Authors should include a declaration statement at the end of their core manuscript preceding the References. This declaration must be placed within a new section titled 'Declaration of Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process'.
作者应在一个题为《写作过程中的生成式人工智能和人工智能辅助技术声明》的新章节中撰写并提交一份披露声明，并将其置于稿件正文末尾，在参考文献列表之前提交核心稿件文件中。

While preparing this work, the author(s) utilized [NAME TOOL / SERVICE] to achieve their goals. After employing this tool/service, they reviewed and edited the content as necessary, ensuring full responsibility for its publication.

This declaration does not extend its scope to the application of rudimentary tools in verifying grammar, punctuation, citations and so on. If no information needs disclosure, it's unnecessary to include a statement.

Submission declaration and verification
提交声明和验证

投递一篇文章意味着所描述的工作以前未在其他形式上发表过（除摘要、已发表的讲座或学术论文外），它不在考虑范围内被其他地方提交或出版（参见“多次、冗余或并发出版”条款）。，它未经所有作者和负责该工作所在机构的相关人员的明确同意而未被接受，则不得以相同的形式、英语或其他语言（包括电子方式）在其他地方以任何形式发表。，未经版权所有者书面许可的情况下不得进行上述操作。，请参阅相关条款以获取详细信息。。为了验证合规性，请检查您的文章是否通过Crossref相似性检查及其他原创性/重复性检查软件进行审查。。请注意，在符合爱思唯尔的分享政策下，预印本可以在任何时间、任何地方共享。，它们不会被视为先前发表的情况（有关更多信息，请参阅“多次、冗余或并发出版”）。请在符合爱思唯尔政策的前提下，在SSRN上发布预印本。

为了支持开放科学, 该期刊为作者提供了免费的预印本发布服务. 预印本可实现早期注册和传播您的研究, 从而促进早期引用和协作.
当提交您的稿件时, 您可以选择在预印本服务器SSRN上以预印本的形式公开发布您的稿件. 这一选择不会影响编辑过程或期刊结果. 在此之前, 您必须获得所有合著者的批准方能将稿件公开发布于SSRN.
当提交到编辑经理时, 作者有权限在其作品上发布预印本于SSRN上的预印本服务器. 这一决定不会影响编辑流程或最终出版结果. 在此之前, 所有合著者必须同意作者将其作品公开发布于SSRN上.

When your preprint becomes available online and receives a Digital Object Identifier (DOI), you will receive an email notification. The preprint will remain accessible for free worldwide, regardless of whether the journal accepts or rejects the manuscript. When your preprint goes online and receives a DOI, you will receive an email notification. Regardless of whether the journal accepts or rejects the manuscript, the preprint will remain accessible for free worldwide.

Please refer to the terms of use and FAQs on SSRN for more detailed information about posting there.
请注意在SSRN上发布信息前，请查阅使用条款及FAQ以获取更多详细信息。

Use of inclusive language
使用包容性语言

Inclusive language values diversity, upholds respect for all individuals, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportunities. Content should not assume any reader's beliefs or commitments; it must exclude any content implying that one person is superior to another based on age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability, or health condition; while consistently using inclusive language. Authors are advised to ensure writing is free from bias, stereotypes, slang, references to dominant culture, or cultural assumptions. We recommend using plural nouns ("clinicians, patients/clients") as default wherever possible to avoid referencing "he," "she," or "he/she." Personal attributes such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability, or health condition should only be used if relevant and valid. When employing coding terminology in reports or publications, we advise steering clear of offensive or exclusionary terms like "master," "slave," "blacklist," and "whitelist." Instead of these terms suggest using more appropriate alternatives such as "primary," "secondary," "blocklist," and "allowlist." These guidelines serve as a reference point for identifying suitable language but are not exhaustive. The analysis should report sex- and gender-based data.

Reporting guidance 报告指南
For research involving or pertaining to humans, animals or eukaryotic cells, investigators should integrate sex and gender-based analyses (SGBA) into their research design according to funder/sponsor requirements and best practices within a field. Authors should address the sex and/or gender dimensions of their research in their article. In cases where they cannot, they should discuss this as a limitation to their research’s generalizability. Importantly, authors should explicitly state what definitions of sex and/or gender they are applying to enhance the precision, rigor and reproducibility of their research and to avoid ambiguity or conflation of terms and the constructs to which they refer (see Definitions section below). Authors can refer to the Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines and the SAGER guidelines checklist. These offer systematic approaches to the use and editorial review of sex and gender information in study design, data analysis, outcome reporting and research interpretation - however, please note there is no single, universally agreed-upon set of guidelines for defining sex and gender.
对于涉及或与人类、动物或真核细胞有关的研究，研究人员应根据资助者/申办者的要求和领域内的最佳实践，将性别和基于性别的分析 （SGBA） 整合到他们的研究设计中。作者应在文章中讨论其研究的性别和/或性别维度。在他们不能的情况下，他们应该讨论这作为他们研究的普遍性的限制。重要的是，作者应明确说明他们正在应用的性别和/或性别定义，以提高其研究的精确性、严谨性和可重复性，并避免术语及其所指结构的歧义或混淆（见下面的定义部分）。作者可以参考 and Gender Equity in Research （SAGER） 指南和 SAGER 指南清单。这些为在研究设计、数据分析、结果报告和研究解释中使用和编辑审查性别和性别信息提供了系统的方法——但是，请注意，没有一套单一的、普遍同意的指导方针来定义性别和性别。
Definitions 定义
Sex generally refers to a set of biological attributes that are associated with physical and physiological features (e.g., chromosomal genotype, hormonal levels, internal and external anatomy). A binary sex categorization (male/female) is usually designated at birth (““sex assigned at birth””), most often based solely on the visible external anatomy of a newborn. Gender generally refers to socially constructed roles, behaviors, and identities of women, men and gender-diverse people that occur in a historical and cultural context and may vary across societies and over time. Gender influences how people view themselves and each other, how they behave and interact and how power is distributed in society. Sex and gender are often incorrectly portrayed as binary (female/male or woman/man) and unchanging whereas these constructs actually exist along a spectrum and include additional sex categorizations and gender identities such as people who are intersex/have differences of sex development (DSD) or identify as non-binary. Moreover, the terms ““sex”” and ““gender”” can be ambiguous—thus it is important for authors to define the manner in which they are used. In addition to this definition guidance and the SAGER guidelines, the resources on this page offer further insight around sex and gender in research studies.
性别通常是指与身体和生理特征（例如染色体基因型、荷尔蒙水平、内部和外部解剖结构）相关的一组生物学属性。二元性别分类（男性/女性）通常在出生时指定（“出生时分配的性别”），通常仅基于新生儿的可见外部解剖结构。性别通常是指女性、男性和性别多样化人群的社会建构角色、行为和身份，这些角色、行为和身份发生在历史和文化背景下，可能因社会和时间而异。性别影响着人们如何看待自己和彼此，他们的行为和互动方式以及权力在社会中的分配方式。性别和性别经常被错误地描绘成二元（女性/男性或女性/男性）并且保持不变，而这些结构实际上存在于一个光谱中，包括额外的性别分类和性别认同，例如双性人/有性发育差异 （DSD） 或被认定为非二元的人。此外，术语“性别”和“性别”可能模棱两可，因此作者必须定义它们的使用方式。除了本定义指南和 SAGER 指南外，本页面上的资源还提供了有关研究中性别和性别的进一步见解。

Author contributions 作者贡献

For transparency, we require corresponding authors to provide co-author contributions to the manuscript using the relevant CRediT roles. The CRediT taxonomy includes 14 different roles describing each contributor’s specific contribution to the scholarly output. The roles are: Conceptualization; Data curation; Formal analysis; Funding acquisition; Investigation; Methodology; Project administration; Resources; Software; Supervision; Validation; Visualization; Roles/Writing - original draft; and Writing - review & editing. Note that not all roles may apply to every manuscript, and authors may have contributed through multiple roles. More details and an example.
为了透明起见，我们要求通讯作者使用相关的CRediT角色为稿件提供合著者的贡献。CRediT 分类法包括 14 个不同的角色，描述了每个贡献者对学术产出的具体贡献。角色是：概念化;数据管理;形式分析;资金获取;调查;方法论;项目管理;资源;软件;监督;验证;可视化;角色/写作 - 原稿;和写作 - 审查和编辑。请注意，并非所有角色都适用于每篇稿件，作者可能通过多个角色做出贡献。更多细节和示例。
Changes to authorship 对作者身份的更改

在提交手稿之前，请仔细考虑并谨慎确定作者列表及其顺序，并在原始提交时提供最终确定的作者列表。
通常情况下，在稿件已被接受后不会允许对作者名单进行增删或调整。
本期刊使用爱思唯尔文章传输服务（Elsevier Article Transfer Service）以找到稿件的最佳归宿。
这意味着如果期刊编辑认为您的稿件更适合其他期刊发表，则可能会要求您考虑将其转移到此类期刊。
此外，请注意所有文章都将由新的出版物独立审稿。

Upon acceptance of an article, authors are required to sign a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' (additional details can be found on this topic). A notification email will be dispatched to the corresponding author upon receipt of manuscript along with either a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' form or an online version link.

在在线提交一篇金牌开放获取文章时，请确保您已阅读并同意遵守《知识共享署名-相同版本1.0》条款》

作为作者拥有
在使用作品时需遵守相关法律和道德规范
您（或您的雇主或机构）拥有复制、发布、修改以及将其分发的权利
这些权利通常涵盖创作成果的所有权
更多信息请参阅本指南

Elsevier encourages responsible dissemination of scholarly work, ensuring ethical practices are adhered to. Discover various methods to share your research through Elsevier platforms, which provide robust tools for knowledge exchange and preservation. The role of the funding source extends beyond financial support; it plays a pivotal part in advancing research and fostering collaboration between scientists worldwide by ensuring equitable access to shared knowledge and resources.

Please identify the individuals who provided financial support for the execution of this research and/or the preparation of this article, along with a brief description of their roles in study design; data collection, analysis, and interpretation; report compilation; and decision-making regarding article submission. If no involvement from the funding source(s) exists, it is advisable to state this fact. Additionally, please ensure that all requested information is accurately documented.

访问我们的开放获取页面以获取关于本期刊开放获取出版的更多信息。
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研究者学院的学习环境提供了多样化的互动模块,网络研讨会, downloadable guides 和资源,以帮助您完成研究写作流程并顺利通过同行评审阶段。
如需进一步优化语言表达,请联系爱思唯尔的语言服务团队。
提交您的稿件时,请按照英语撰写您的文字（接受美国或英国拼写）。如需进一步优化语言表达,请联系爱思唯尔的语言服务团队。

Our online submission system guides you through entering your article details and uploading your files step by step. The system transforms these documents into a single PDF file used in the peer-review process. For final publication, editable formats like Word or LaTeX are required. All communication concerning editorial decisions or revisions must be sent via email.

If you are submitting this manuscript for a special issue, please make sure you select the appropriate Special Issue Article Type. Choosing an incorrect article type could lead to mispublication of your article.
如果您要为特刊投稿，请确保选择合适的特刊文章类型。选择不正确的文章类型可能会导致您的文章发表错误。
Submission Site for Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies
交通研究C部分：新兴技术的提交地点
To submit your paper please click here https://www.editorialmanager.com/trc/Default.aspx
要提交您的论文，请单击此处 https://www.editorialmanager.com/trc/Default.aspx

Preparation 制备
Queries 查询

For questions concerning the editorial process (including the status of manuscripts under review) or for assistance with submissions, please refer to our Support Center.
有关编辑过程（包括正在审稿的状态）或提交的技术支持的问题，请参考我们的支持中心。
最新更新：新提交内容

This submission process to the journal is entirely online, guiding you step by step through document creation and upload. The system automatically converts your files into a single PDF for use in the peer-review phase.
As part of the submission service, you have the option to submit your manuscript as a single file for review purposes. This can be in PDF or Word format, any layout suitable for referees evaluating your work. Ensure submitted figures meet refereeing standards in quality. You may optionally upload all or part of your source files during initial submission. Note that individual figures exceeding 10 MB must be uploaded separately.
References must be cited consistently, though specific formatting guidelines are flexible. Include author names, journal/book titles, chapter/article titles, publication year, volume/chapter numbers, and page numbers where applicable. Strongly recommend using DOI where possible. Once accepted, Elsevier will apply the journal's reference style during proofreading; missing data will be highlighted for correction at this stage.
All submissions must include essential elements such as Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Conclusions, Artwork with Captions. If your article includes videos or supplementary materials, ensure they are included in your initial submission for review purposes. Divide the article into clearly defined sections with embedded figures and tables positioned adjacent to relevant text within the manuscript rather than at file top or bottom; captions should directly follow these elements.

This journal operates a single anonymized review process. All contributions will be initially assessed by the editor for suitability for the journal. Papers deemed suitable are then typically sent to a minimum of two independent expert reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the paper. The Editor is responsible for the final decision regarding acceptance or rejection of articles. The Editor’s decision is final. Editors are not involved in decisions about papers which they have written themselves or have been written by family members or colleagues or which relate to products or services in which the editor has an interest. Any such submission is subject to all of the journal’s usual procedures, with peer review handled independently of the relevant editor and their research groups. More information on types of peer review.
该期刊采用单一的匿名审稿流程。所有投稿将由编辑初步评估是否适合该期刊。然后，被认为合适的论文通常会被发送给至少两名独立的专家评审员，以评估论文的科学质量。编辑对文章的接受或拒绝负责最终决定。编辑的决定是最终决定。编辑不参与他们自己撰写的或由家庭成员或同事撰写的论文或与编辑感兴趣的产品或服务有关的论文的决定。任何此类投稿均须遵守期刊的所有常规程序，同行评审独立于相关编辑及其研究小组进行。有关同行评议类型的更多信息。
REVISED SUBMISSIONS 经修订的意见书
Use of word processing software
使用文字处理软件
Regardless of the file format of the original submission, at revision you must provide us with an editable file of the entire article. Keep the layout of the text as simple as possible. Most formatting codes will be removed and replaced on processing the article. The electronic text should be prepared in a way very similar to that of conventional manuscripts (see also the Guide to Publishing with Elsevier). See also the section on Electronic artwork.
无论原始提交的文件格式如何，在修改时，您都必须向我们提供整篇文章的可编辑文件。使文本的布局尽可能简单。在处理文章时，大多数格式代码将被删除和替换。电子文本的准备方式应与传统稿件非常相似（另见《爱思唯尔出版指南》）。另请参阅“电子图稿”部分。
To avoid unnecessary errors you are strongly advised to use the ‘spell-check’ and ‘grammar-check’ functions of your word processor.
为避免不必要的错误，强烈建议您使用文字处理器的“拼写检查”和“语法检查”功能。
Article structure 文章结构
Subdivision - numbered sections
细分 - 编号部分
Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered 1.1 (then 1.1.1, 1.1.2, …), 1.2, etc. (the abstract is not included in section numbering). Use this numbering also for internal cross-referencing: do not just refer to ‘the text’. Any subsection may be given a brief heading. Each heading should appear on its own separate line.
将您的文章划分为明确定义和编号的部分。小节应编号为 1.1（然后是 1.1.1、1.1.2 等）、1.2 等（摘要不包括在节编号中）。此编号也用于内部交叉引用：不要仅引用“文本”。任何小节都可以给出一个简短的标题。每个标题都应出现在其单独的行上。
Introduction 介绍
State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.
陈述工作目标并提供充分的背景，避免详细的文献调查或结果摘要。
Material and methods 材料与方法
Provide sufficient details to allow the work to be reproduced by an independent researcher. Methods that are already published should be summarized, and indicated by a reference. If quoting directly from a previously published method, use quotation marks and also cite the source. Any modifications to existing methods should also be described.
提供足够的细节，以便独立研究人员复制作品。应对已经发表的方法进行总结，并用参考文献指出。如果直接从以前发布的方法引用，请使用引号并引用来源。还应描述对现有方法的任何修改。
Theory/calculation 理论/计算
A Theory section should extend, not repeat, the background to the article already dealt with in the Introduction and lay the foundation for further work. In contrast, a Calculation section represents a practical development from a theoretical basis.
理论部分应该扩展而不是重复引言中已经处理过的文章的背景，并为进一步的工作奠定基础。相比之下，“计算”部分代表了理论基础的实际发展。
Results 结果
Results should be clear and concise.
结果应该清晰简洁。
Discussion 讨论
This should explore the significance of the results of the work, not repeat them. A combined Results and Discussion section is often appropriate. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.
这应该探索工作结果的意义，而不是重复它们。将结果和讨论组合起来通常是合适的。避免大量引用和讨论已发表的文献。
Conclusions 结论
The main conclusions of the study may be presented in a short Conclusions section, which may stand alone or form a subsection of a Discussion or Results and Discussion section.
研究的主要结论可以在一个简短的结论部分中提出，该部分可以单独存在，也可以构成讨论或结果和讨论部分的子部分。
Glossary 词汇表
Please supply, as a separate list, the definitions of field-specific terms used in your article.
请单独列出贵篇文章中使用的特定领域术语的定义。
Appendices 附录
If there is more than one appendix, they should be identified as A, B, etc. Formulae and equations in appendices should be given separate numbering: Eq. (A.1), Eq. (A.2), etc.; in a subsequent appendix, Eq. (B.1) and so on. Similarly for tables and figures: Table A.1; Fig. A.1, etc.
如果有多个附录，应将其标识为 A、B 等。附录中的公式和方程式应单独编号：方程（A.1）、方程（A.2）等;在随后的附录中，方程（B.1）等。表格和数字也是如此：表A.1;图 A.1 等
Revisions 修改

In all revised submissions, editable source files must be uploaded, typically bearing an extended file format name of .docx, .doc, or .tex. PDF files are not acceptable as primary source files. If your document contains numerous mathematical formulas and equations, we recommend submitting it in LaTeX format to achieve a more polished appearance during proofreading.

对于所有修订的提交，请确保上传带有编辑功能的手稿文件（.docx、.doc或.tex格式）。如果手稿中包含大量数学公式或方程式，则最好以LaTeX格式提交手稿以确保校对时有更好的排版效果。

Essential title page information
基本扉页信息

• 标题. 简明扼要且内容丰富。标题通常用于信息检索系统中，请尽量避免使用缩写和公式。
• 作者姓名及所属机构. 请明确指出每位作者的姓名（包括给名和氏名），并核实所有姓名拼写正确性。
• 对应作者. 明确指定在整个审稿及出版过程中负责沟通的一位作者（包括出版后）。此职责涵盖未来有关方法论和技术材料的任何问题解答。
• 现在/永久地址. 如果某位作者在文章所述工作中已更改住址或当时正在进行访问，则在其姓名旁注明其现址（或永久地址）。实际完成工作的地址应作为主要隶属关系地址予以保留。

Highlights are required for this journal since they enhance an article's visibility through online searches. They comprise a concise set of bullet points designed to highlight your research's innovative findings and any innovative techniques employed during the study (if applicable). I recommend reviewing the example Highlights provided for guidance. Highlights must be submitted in a separate editable file within the online submission system. Please ensure the file is named 'Highlights' and contains between 3 to 5 bullet points, each not exceeding 85 characters including spaces.

Abstract 抽象

A concise and factual summary is essential. The summary should succinctly outline the research's purpose, principal results, and major conclusions. Since the summary should be self-contained, it must avoid referencing citations unless necessary. To maintain clarity, non-standard abbreviations should be avoided unless explicitly defined within the summary itself.
Although a graphical abstract is non-compulsory, its use is highly recommended as it enhances readers' engagement with online articles. The graphical abstract should succinctly depict the article's content in a visually compelling manner to attract a broad readership. When submitting, ensure the graphical abstract is included separately in the online submission system. Image specifications: Minimum dimensions of 531 × 1328 pixels (h × w) or larger in proportional format. The image must be resolvable at 5 × 13 cm using standard screen resolutions of 96 dpi. Preferred file formats: TIFF, EPS, PDF or MS Office files. For further details, please refer to our information site for examples of graphical abstracts.
Keywords 关键字

Immediately after the abstract, provide a maximum of 6 keywords, using British spelling and avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, ‘and’, ‘of’). Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.
在摘要之后，提供最多 6 个关键字，使用英式拼写，避免使用一般和复数术语以及多个概念（避免，例如，“and”、“of”）。避免使用缩写：只有在该领域牢固确立的缩写才有资格。这些关键字将用于索引目的。
Acknowledgements 确认
Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the article before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise. List here those individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance or proof reading the article, etc.).
在文章末尾的参考文献之前的单独部分中整理致谢，因此，不要将它们包含在标题页上，作为标题的脚注或其他方式。在这里列出那些在研究期间提供帮助的人（例如，提供语言帮助、写作帮助或校对文章等）。
Formatting of funding sources
资金来源的格式
List funding sources in this standard way to facilitate compliance to funder’s requirements:
以以下标准方式列出资金来源，以促进符合资助者的要求：
Funding: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy]; the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA [grant number zzzz]; and the United States Institutes of Peace [grant number aaaa].
资金：这项工作得到了美国国立卫生研究院的支持 [资助号 xxxx， yyyy];比尔和梅琳达·盖茨基金会，华盛顿州西雅图[授权号zzzz];以及美国和平研究所（United States Institutes of Peace）[授权号AAAA]。

There is no need to provide in-depth explanations for the activity or types of grants and awards. If funding comes from block grants or resources available at universities colleges and other research institutions report the source of the funding.

当没有为研究提供资金时，建议包括以下句子：

这项研究没有从公共部门、商业部门或非营利组织的资助机构获得任何具体的资助

Math formulae 数学公式
Please submit math equations as editable text and not as images. Present simple formulae in line with normal text where possible and use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line for small fractional terms, e.g., X/Y. In principle, variables are to be presented in italics. Powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp. Number consecutively any equations that have to be displayed separately from the text (if referred to explicitly in the text).
请以可编辑文本的形式提交数学方程式，而不是以图像形式提交。在可能的情况下，根据普通文本呈现简单的公式，并使用实线 （/） 代替水平线表示小分数项，例如 X/Y。原则上，变量应以斜体表示。e 的幂通常更方便地用 exp 表示。连续编号必须与文本分开显示的任何方程式（如果在文本中明确提及）。
Footnotes 脚注
Footnotes should be used sparingly. Number them consecutively throughout the article. Many word processors build footnotes into the text, and this feature may be used. Should this not be the case, indicate the position of footnotes in the text and present the footnotes themselves separately at the end of the article.
脚注应谨慎使用。在整篇文章中连续编号。许多文字处理器在文本中内置脚注，可以使用此功能。如果不是这种情况，请指出脚注在正文中的位置，并在文章末尾单独列出脚注本身。
Artwork 艺术品
Electronic artwork 电子艺术作品
General points 一般要点
• Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
• 确保使用原始图稿的统一字体和尺寸。
• Preferred fonts: Arial (or Helvetica), Times New Roman (or Times), Symbol, Courier.
• 首选字体：Arial（或 Helvetica）、Times New Roman（或 Times）、Symbol、Courier。
• Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
• 根据插图在文本中的顺序对插图进行编号。
• Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
• 对图稿文件使用逻辑命名约定。
• Indicate per figure if it is a single, 1.5 or 2-column fitting image.
• 按图指示是单列、1.5 列还是 2 列拟合图像。
• For Word submissions only, you may still provide figures and their captions, and tables within a single file at the revision stage.
• 仅对于 Word 提交，您仍然可以在修订阶段在单个文件中提供图表及其标题和表格。
• Please note that individual figure files larger than 10 MB must be provided in separate source files.
• 请注意，大于 10 MB 的单个图形文件必须在单独的源文件中提供。
A detailed guide on electronic artwork is available.
电子艺术品的详细指南可用。
You are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed information are given here.
我们敦促您访问本网站;这里给出了一些详细信息的摘录。
Formats 格式
Regardless of the application used, when your electronic artwork is finalized, please ‘save as’ or convert the images to one of the following formats (note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below):
无论使用何种应用程序，当您的电子图稿定稿时，请“另存为”或将图像转换为以下格式之一（请注意下面给出的线条图、半色调和线/半色调组合的分辨率要求）：
EPS (or PDF): Vector drawings. Embed the font or save the text as ‘graphics’.
EPS（或 PDF）：矢量图。嵌入字体或将文本另存为“图形”。
TIFF (or JPG): Color or grayscale photographs (halftones): always use a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF（或 JPG）：彩色或灰度照片（半色调）：始终使用至少 300 dpi。
TIFF (or JPG): Bitmapped line drawings: use a minimum of 1000 dpi.
TIFF（或 JPG）：位图线图：至少使用 1000 dpi。
TIFF (or JPG): Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale): a minimum of 500 dpi is required.
TIFF（或 JPG）：位图线/半色调（彩色或灰度）组合：至少需要 500 dpi。
Please do not: 请不要：
• Supply files that are optimized for screen use (e.g., GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); the resolution is too low.
• 提供针对屏幕使用进行优化的文件（例如，GIF、BMP、PICT、WPG）;分辨率太低。
• Supply files that are too low in resolution.
• 提供分辨率过低的文件。
• Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.
• 提交的图片与内容不成比例地大。

Color artwork 彩色艺术品
Please make sure that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF (or JPEG), EPS (or PDF), or MS Office files) and with the correct resolution. If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable color figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in color online (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in color in the printed version. For color reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accepted article. Please indicate your preference for color: in print or online only. Further information on the preparation of electronic artwork.
请确保图稿文件采用可接受的格式（TIFF（或 JPEG）、EPS（或 PDF）或 MS Office 文件）并具有正确的分辨率。如果您提交了可用的彩色图表，则爱思唯尔将免费确保这些图表将以彩色形式在线显示（例如，ScienceDirect和其他网站），无论这些插图是否在印刷版本中以彩色形式复制。对于印刷品的彩色复制，您将在收到您接受的文章后收到爱思唯尔有关费用的信息。请注明您对颜色的偏好：仅限印刷版或在线版。有关电子艺术作品准备的更多信息。
Figure captions 图形说明
Ensure that each illustration has a caption. A caption should comprise a brief title (not on the figure itself) and a description of the illustration. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but explain all symbols and abbreviations used.
确保每个插图都有标题。标题应包括简短的标题（而不是插图本身）和插图说明。将插图本身中的文字保持在最低限度，但解释所有使用的符号和缩写。
Tables 表

Please submit tables as editable text and not as images. Tables can be placed either next to the relevant text in the article, or on separate page(s) at the end. Number tables consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text and place any table notes below the table body. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in them do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the article. Please avoid using vertical rules and shading in table cells.
请以可编辑文本的形式提交表格，而不是以图像形式提交表格。表格可以放在文章中的相关文本旁边，也可以放在末尾的单独页面上。根据表格在文本中的外观连续编号表格，并将所有表格注释放在表格正文下方。在使用表格时要谨慎，并确保表格中提供的数据不会与本文其他地方描述的结果重复。请避免在表格单元格中使用竖排规则和底纹。
References 引用
Citation in text 文本中的引用
Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference list, but may be mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either ‘Unpublished results’ or ‘Personal communication’. Citation of a reference as ‘in press’ implies that the item has been accepted for publication.
请确保文中引用的每个参考文献也出现在参考文献列表中（反之亦然）。摘要中引用的任何参考文献必须完整给出。未发表的结果和个人通信不建议在参考文献列表中，但可能会在正文中提及。如果这些参考文献包含在参考文献列表中，它们应遵循期刊的标准参考文献格式，并应包括用“未发表的结果”或“个人通信”代替出版日期。引用参考文献为“出版中”意味着该项目已被接受出版。
Reference links 参考链接
Increased discoverability of research and high quality peer review are ensured by online links to the sources cited. In order to allow us to create links to abstracting and indexing services, such as Scopus, Crossref and PubMed, please ensure that data provided in the references are correct. Please note that incorrect surnames, journal/book titles, publication year and pagination may prevent link creation. When copying references, please be careful as they may already contain errors. Use of the DOI is highly encouraged.
通过指向引用来源的在线链接，确保了研究的可发现性和高质量的同行评审。为了允许我们创建指向摘要和索引服务的链接，例如 Scopus、Crossref 和 PubMed，请确保参考文献中提供的数据正确无误。请注意，不正确的姓氏、期刊/书名、出版年份和分页可能会阻止链接创建。复制参考文献时，请小心，因为它们可能已经包含错误。强烈建议使用 DOI。
A DOI is guaranteed never to change, so you can use it as a permanent link to any electronic article. An example of a citation using DOI for an article not yet in an issue is: VanDecar J.C., Russo R.M., James D.E., Ambeh W.B., Franke M. (2003). Aseismic continuation of the Lesser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Venezuela. Journal of Geophysical Research, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000884. Please note the format of such citations should be in the same style as all other references in the paper.
DOI 保证永远不会更改，因此您可以将其用作任何电子文章的永久链接。对尚未出版期刊的文章使用 DOI 进行引用的一个例子是：VanDecar J.C.， Russo R.M.， James D.E.， Ambeh W.B.， Franke M. （2003）。委内瑞拉东北部下方小安的列斯群岛板块的地震延续。地球物理研究学报， https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000884.请注意，此类引文的格式应与论文中的所有其他参考文献采用相同的风格。

Web references Web 引用
As a minimum, the full URL should be given and the date when the reference was last accessed. Any further information, if known (DOI, author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should also be given. Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the reference list) under a different heading if desired, or can be included in the reference list.
至少应提供完整的 URL 和上次访问引用的日期。如果知道任何进一步的信息（DOI、作者姓名、日期、对源出版物的引用等），也应提供。如果需要，Web 参考文献可以单独列出（例如，在参考文献列表之后）在不同的标题下，也可以包含在参考文献列表中。
Data references 数据参考
This journal encourages you to cite underlying or relevant datasets in your manuscript by citing them in your text and including a data reference in your Reference List. Data references should include the following elements: author name(s), dataset title, data repository, version (where available), year, and global persistent identifier. Add [dataset] immediately before the reference so we can properly identify it as a data reference. The [dataset] identifier will not appear in your published article.
该期刊鼓励您在稿件中引用基础或相关数据集，方法是在文本中引用它们，并在参考文献列表中包含数据参考。数据引用应包括以下元素：作者姓名、数据集标题、数据存储库、版本（如果可用）、年份和全局持久标识符。在引用之前添加 [dataset]，以便我们可以正确地将其标识为数据引用。[dataset] 标识符不会出现在您发布的文章中。
Preprint references 预印本参考文献
Where a preprint has subsequently become available as a peer-reviewed publication, the formal publication should be used as the reference. If there are preprints that are central to your work or that cover crucial developments in the topic, but are not yet formally published, these may be referenced. Preprints should be clearly marked as such, for example by including the word preprint, or the name of the preprint server, as part of the reference. The preprint DOI should also be provided.
如果预印本随后作为同行评议的出版物提供，则应以正式出版物为参考。如果有一些预印本对你的工作至关重要，或者涵盖了该主题的关键发展，但尚未正式出版，则可以参考这些预印本。预印本应明确标明，例如在参考文献中包含预印本一词或预印本服务器的名称。还应提供预印本 DOI。
Reference management software
参考文献管理软件
Most Elsevier journals have their reference template available in many of the most popular reference management software products. These include all products that support Citation Style Language styles, such as Mendeley. Using citation plug-ins from these products, authors only need to select the appropriate journal template when preparing their article, after which citations and bibliographies will be automatically formatted in the journal’s style. If no template is yet available for this journal, please follow the format of the sample references and citations as shown in this Guide. If you use reference management software, please ensure that you remove all field codes before submitting the electronic manuscript. More information on how to remove field codes from different reference management software.
大多数爱思唯尔期刊在许多最流行的参考文献管理软件产品中都提供了参考文献模板。其中包括支持引文样式语言样式的所有产品，例如 Mendeley。使用这些产品的引文插件，作者只需在准备文章时选择合适的期刊模板，之后引文和参考书目将自动格式化为期刊的样式。如果本期刊尚无可用的模板，请遵循本指南中所示的参考文献和引文样本的格式。如果您使用参考文献管理软件，请确保在提交电子稿件之前删除所有字段代码。有关如何从不同的参考文献管理软件中删除字段代码的更多信息。
Reference formatting 引用格式
There are no strict requirements on reference formatting at submission. References can be in any style or format as long as the style is consistent. Where applicable, author(s) name(s), journal title/book title, chapter title/article title, year of publication, volume number/book chapter and the article number or pagination must be present. Use of DOI is highly encouraged. The reference style used by the journal will be applied to the accepted article by Elsevier at the proof stage. Note that missing data will be highlighted at proof stage for the author to correct. If you do wish to format the references yourself they should be arranged according to the following examples:
提交时对参考文献格式没有严格要求。引用可以采用任何样式或格式，只要样式一致即可。在适用的情况下，必须提供作者姓名、期刊名称/书名、章节标题/文章标题、出版年份、卷号/书籍章节以及文章编号或分页。强烈建议使用 DOI。期刊使用的参考文献格式将在校样阶段应用于爱思唯尔接受的文章。请注意，缺失的数据将在校对阶段突出显示，以便作者更正。如果您确实希望自己设置引用的格式，则应根据以下示例进行排列：

哈佛参考系统被采用。引用应遵循以下格式：作者名A、作者名B、作者名C，《标题》，年份卷号期号页码。哈佛参考系统被采用。引用应遵循以下格式：作者名A·M·等著，《书名》第版年份出版社卷号期号页码

Fischer, G.W., Nagin, D., 1981. Random versus coefficient quantal choice models. In: Manski, C.F., McFadden, D. (Eds.), Structural Analysis of Discrete Data with Econometric Applications, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 273-304.
Fischer， GW， Nagin， D.， 1981.随机与系数定量选择模型。在：Manski， C.F.， McFadden， D. （Eds.）， Structural Analysis of Discrete Data with Econometric Applications， 麻省理工学院出版社，马萨诸塞州剑桥市，第 273-304 页。

Wolfgang Brilon（作为编辑），1988年出版了《无信号交叉路口》一书

达甘佐先生于1996年提出了关于具有物理队列网络流量的两个悖论。第二届运输工程师研讨会于1996年5月22日至24日在马德里举行

[dataset] Oguro, M., Imahiro, S., Saito, S., Nakashizuka, T., 2015. Mortality data for Japanese oak wilt disease and surrounding forest compositions. Mendeley Data, v1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1
[数据集]小黑，M.，今弘，S.，斋藤，S.，中冢，T.，2015 年。日本橡树枯萎病和周围森林成分的死亡率数据。Mendeley 数据，v1。http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1

期刊 缩 短 的 来 源

Elsevier接受视频内容和动画序列来辅助和支持您的科学研究。建议有视频或动画文件的作者在文章正文中插入指向这些文件的链接。这种做法与插入图形或表格的方式相同：通过参考视频或动画内容并在正文中注明其位置来实现。所有提交的文件都应正确标记以便直接关联到视频内容的内容。为了确保您的视频或动画材料能够直接使用请按照我们推荐的文件格式之一提交文件每个文件的最大尺寸不应超过150 MB总大小不超过1 GB。提供的视频和动画文件将在爱思唯尔网络产品电子版上发布包括ScienceDirect在内的在线版本中显示文章中引用此内容的部分请提供静止图像：您可以选择视频或动画中的任意一帧也可以创建单独图像这些图像将替代标准图标并个性化指向您的视频数据链接

补充材料包括应用程序、图像和音视频剪辑等元素，在文章中发布以提升其吸引力。提交的补充项目将按照实际收到的形式发表（Excel文件或PowerPoint文件将在线呈现相同）。请将您的材料与文章一起提交，并为每个附加工具提供简明扼要的描述性说明。如果您希望在任何阶段对补充材料进行修改，请务必提供更新版本的文件；请避免在先前版本上进行任何批注修改；请关闭Microsoft Office文件中的"跟踪更改"选项以防止其出现在发表版本中。
仿真代码与数据 TRC为您提供了一次机会，在编辑器中为读者提供更多访问相关模拟代码与数据的机会。
为了分享您的代码及相关数据，请将其准备成一个单独的Zip文件，并通过"仿真代码与数据(.ZIP)"上传类别上传到编辑经理。
可以上传多个Zip文件，请确保单个文件大小不超过70MB。
请在上传存档代码及/或数据时填写"描述"字段，在此字段中为每个Zip文件提供简短而富有信息性的说明。
研究数据

This journal encourages and enables you to share data that supports your research publication where appropriate, and enables you to interlink the data with your published articles. Research data refers to the results of observations or experimentation that validate research findings, which may also include software, code, models, algorithms, protocols, methods and other useful materials related to the project.
该期刊鼓励并使您能够在适当的情况下共享支持您的研究出版物的数据，并使您能够将数据与您发表的文章相互链接。研究数据是指验证研究结果的观察或实验结果，其中还可能包括与项目相关的软件、代码、模型、算法、协议、方法和其他有用材料。
Below are a number of ways in which you can associate data with your article or make a statement about the availability of your data when submitting your manuscript. If you are sharing data in one of these ways, you are encouraged to cite the data in your manuscript and reference list. Please refer to the “References” section for more information about data citation. For more information on depositing, sharing and using research data and other relevant research materials, visit the research data page.
您可以通过以下几种方式将数据与文章相关联，或在提交稿件时声明数据的可用性。如果您以这些方式之一共享数据，我们鼓励您在稿件和参考文献列表中引用数据。有关数据引用的更多信息，请参阅“参考文献”部分。有关存储、共享和使用研究数据和其他相关研究材料的更多信息，请访问研究数据页面。

Data Linking 数据链接
If you have made your research data publicly accessible through a repository, you may directly link your article to that dataset. Elsevier partners with over 150 repositories globally to connect articles on ScienceDirect with relevant datasets, enabling readers to gain deeper insights into the research described.
Various methods exist for linking datasets to an article. When available, you can directly link a dataset to an article by submitting relevant information via the submission system. For further details, please visit our database linking page.
Methods vary for integrating datasets with articles. If applicable, you can directly link a dataset to an article by providing necessary details within the submission process. Additional resources and guidelines are available at our database linking page for comprehensive assistance.

For supported data repositories, a repository banner will be automatically displayed next to your published article on ScienceDirect.

In addition, you can link to relevant data or entities via identifiers within the text of your manuscript using the following format. The database identifier allows linking to example entries such as TAIR: AT1G01020, CCDC: 734053, and PDB: 1XFN.

Research Elements 研究要素

该期刊允许您将与您的原始研究相关的各种研究对象（如数据集、分析方法、实验流程等）以补充文章的形式发表在 Research Elements 杂志上。
Research Elements 是一套经过同行评审的开放获取期刊，在此发表能使您的研究对象可查找、访问和重复使用。
这些文章通过提供详细的研究对象描述及其应用示例，并链接到相关原始研究文章来帮助研究人员理解其背景。
您可以自行撰写这些文章，也可以委托一位合作者完成。

Upon submission, you will be informed about the opportunity to prepare a manuscript for submission to one of the Research Elements journals.

Further information is located on the Research Elements page.

为了提升透明度, 我们建议您在提交内容时明确说明数据的可获得性. 这一要求可能源自您的资助机构或相关机构的规定. 如果您的数据无法被访问或不适合发布, 您将有机会在提交过程中进行说明, 例如指出研究数据属于机密范畴. 该声明将与您发表的文章一同发布于ScienceDirect平台. 关于更多信息, 请访问数据声明页面.
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在线校样校对

To ensure a swift publication process for the article, we respectfully request authors to submit their proof corrections within two days. Corresponding authors will receive an email with access to our online proofing platform, which allows for real-time annotation and correction of proofs. The environment mirrors MS Word: apart from managing content, you can also provide feedback on figures/tables and respond to queries from the Copy Editor. Web-based proofing offers enhanced efficiency by enabling direct text edits without introducing errors through manual transcription. If preferred, you may still annotate and upload edits in PDF format. All proofing guidelines will be included in the email sent to authors, including alternative methods beyond the online platform and PDF versions. We strive to publish your article quickly and accurately. Please use this proof solely for verifying typesetting, editing, completeness, and correctness of text, figures, and tables. Major revisions beyond what has been accepted for publication will only be considered at this stage with written consent from the Editor. It is crucial that all corrections are returned in one communication. Please verify thoroughly before replying as any subsequent corrections cannot be guaranteed. Proofreading is entirely your responsibility. Offprints available upon request

通讯作者将不会支付任何费用地收到一个定制链接提供50天免费访问ScienceDirect上的文章最终出版版本。此链接可用于通过诸如电子邮件和社交媒体等任何通信渠道分享文章内容。除支付额外费用外读者可通过提交订单表订购纸制印刷品这些印刷品会在文章被接受后发送给作者作为礼物。然而发表文章的通讯作者不会收到分享链接因为它们可以在ScienceDirect上免费访问并可通过文章DOI链接进行共享。
此外在文章被接受后会发送的订单表中可以订购额外收费的纸质印刷品。
作者咨询信息

Go to the Elsevier Support Center to locate the information you require. Within this center, you'll access a comprehensive collection of resources, including Frequently Asked Questions and methods for contacting support. Additionally, you can check the status of your submitted article or learn about the publication timeline for your accepted work.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/publication/journal/Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/publication/journal/Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, Volume 123, Issue 4, Pages 567-890, October 2023